7 个实用的命令行工具来来监控Linux性能

jopen 11年前

以下是最流行的7个命令工具，用于监控和调试Linux的系统性能。

  1. Top - Linxu Process Monitoring

    It display CPU usage, Memory usage, Swap Memory, Cache Size, Buffer Size, Process PID, User, Commands and much more. It also shows high memory and cpu utilization of a running processess. The top command is much userful for system administrator to monitor and take correct action when required. Let’s see top command in action.

    # top
    7 个实用的命令行工具来来监控Linux性能

     

  2. VmStat – Virtual Memory Statistics

    Linux VmStat command used to display statistics of virtual memory, kernerl threads, disks, system processes, I/O blocks, interrupts, CPU activity and much more. 

    # vmstat
    7 个实用的命令行工具来来监控Linux性能

     

  3. Tcpdump – Network Packet Analyzer

    Tcpdump one of the most widely used command-line network packet analyzer or packets sniffer program that is used capture or filter TCP/IP packets that received or transferred on a specific interface over a network. It also provides a option to save captured packages in a file for later analysis. tcpdump is almost available in all major Linux distributions.

    # tcpdump -i eth0

  4. Iotop – Monitor Linux Disk I/O

    Iotop is also much similar to top command and Htop program, but it has accounting function to monitor and display real time Disk I/O and processes. This tool is much useful for finding the exact process and high used disk read/writes of the processes.

    7 个实用的命令行工具来来监控Linux性能
     

  5. Iostat – Input/Output Statistics

    IoStat is simple tool that will collect and show system input and output storage device statistics. This tool is often used to trace storage device performance issues including devices, local disks, remote disks such as NFS.

    # iostat

    Linux 2.6.18-238.9.1.el5 (tecmint.com)         09/13/2012

    avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle

               2.60    3.65    1.04    4.29    0.00   88.42

    Device:               tps           Blk_read/s   Blk_wrtn/s   Blk_read       Blk_wrtn

    cciss/c0d0         17.79       545.80         256.52        855159769  401914750

    cciss/c0d0p1      0.00         0.00            0.00            5459             3518

    cciss/c0d0p2     16.45       533.97         245.18        836631746  384153384

    cciss/c0d0p3      0.63         5.58            3.97            8737650      6215544

    cciss/c0d0p4      0.00         0.00            0.00            8                  0

    cciss/c0d0p5      0.63         3.79            5.03            5936778      7882528

    cciss/c0d0p6      0.08         2.46            2.34            3847771      3659776

     

  6. Lsof – List Open Files

    Lsof used to display list of all the open files and the processes. The open files included are disk files, network sockets, pipes, devices and processes. One of the main reason for using this command is when a disk cannot be unmounted and displays the error that files are being used or opened. With this commmand you can easily identify which files are in use. The most common format for this command is.

    # lsof

    COMMAND     PID      USER      FD      TYPE     DEVICE        SIZE            NODE NAME

    init          1      root    cwd       DIR      104,2     4096          2                /

    init          1      root    rtd         DIR      104,2     4096          2                /

    init          1      root    txt         REG      104,2    38652        17710339  /sbin/init

    init          1      root    mem      REG      104,2    129900      196453      /lib/ld-2.5.so

    init          1      root    mem      REG      104,2    1693812    196454      /lib/libc-2.5.so

    init          1      root    mem      REG      104,2    20668        196479      /lib/libdl-2.5.so

    init          1      root    mem      REG      104,2    245376      196419      /lib/libsepol.so.1

    init          1      root    mem      REG      104,2    93508        196431      /lib/libselinux.so.1

    init          1      root    10u        FIFO       0,17                       953           /dev/initctl

     

  7. Netstat – Network Statistics

    Netstat is a command line tool for monitoring incoming and outgoing network packets statistics as well as interface statistics. It is very useful tool for every system administrator to monitor network performance and troubleshoot network related problems

    Active Internet connections (w/o servers)



    Active UNIX domain sockets (w/o servers)

    Proto RefCnt Flags       Type       State                  I-Node   Path

    unix  5          [ ]         DGRAM                               7326     /dev/log

    unix  2          [ ]         DGRAM                               7964

    unix  2          [ ]         DGRAM                               7961

    unix  3          [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     7868

    unix  3          [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     7867

    unix  2          [ ]         DGRAM                               7697

    unix  3          [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     7487     /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket

    unix  3          [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     7486

    unix  2          [ ]         DGRAM                               7432

    unix  3          [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     7319     /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket

    unix  3          [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     7318

    unix  3          [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     7304

    unix  3          [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     7303

    unix  3          [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     6441     @/com/ubuntu/upstart

    unix  3          [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     6439

    unix  3          [ ]         DGRAM                               6145

    unix  3          [ ]         DGRAM                               6144

    unix  3          [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     6089     @/com/ubuntu/upstart

    unix  3          [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     6084