Android最佳实践——深入浅出WebSocket协议

HenHake 8年前
   <p>首先明确一下概念,WebSocket协议是一种建立在TCP连接基础上的全双工通信的协议。概念强调了两点内容:</p>    <ul>     <li> <p>TCP基础上</p> </li>     <li> <p>全双工通信</p> </li>    </ul>    <p>那么什么是全双工通信呢?</p>    <p>全双工就是指客户端和服务端可以同时进行双向通信,强调同时、双向通信</p>    <p>WebSocket可以应用于即时通信等场景,比如现在直播很火热,直播中的弹幕也可以使用WebSocket去实现。</p>    <p>WebSocket的协议内容可以见 The WebSocket Protocol ,讲得最全面的官方说明。简单介绍可以见维基百科 WebSocket</p>    <p>在Android客户端,一般可以使用下面的库完成WebSocket通信</p>    <ul>     <li> <p>okhttp ,一般人我不告诉他okhttp还可以用来进行WebSocket通信</p> </li>     <li> <p>Java-WebSocket ,纯java实现的WebSocket客户端和服务端实现</p> </li>    </ul>    <p>那么在没有服务端支持的情况下,我们客户端如何进行WebSocket的测试呢?一般人我也不告诉他!答案还是okhttp,这次是okhttp的扩展模块mockserver,不过最新版本的okhttp已经把WebSocket合入okhttp核心库中去了,如果你用的版本比较低,就可能需要依赖okhttp-ws模块。</p>    <p>先来看协议内容组成,先上一张神图</p>    <p style="text-align:center"><img src="https://simg.open-open.com/show/ec5b60f61f21eb437afc983a84127146.png"></p>    <p>WebSocket按上面图中协议规则进行传输,上图称为一个数据帧。</p>    <ul>     <li> <p>FIN,共1位,标记消息是否是最后1帧,1个消息由1个或多个数据帧构成,若消息由1帧构成,起始帧就是结束帧。</p> </li>     <li> <p>RSV1,RSV2,RSV3,各1位,预留位,用于自定义扩展。如果没有扩展,各位值为0;如果定义了扩展,即为非0值。如果接收的帧中此处为非0,但是扩展中却没有该值的定义,那么关闭连接。</p> </li>     <li> <p style="text-align:center">OPCODE,共4位,帧类型,分为控制帧和非控制帧。如果接收到未知帧,接收端必须关闭连接。已定义的帧类型如下图所示:<br> <img src="https://simg.open-open.com/show/d15e51e2e1b8c33cb40c13ee6e1a015c.png"></p> </li>    </ul>    <p>除了上图中的0,1,2外(0x0,0x1,0x2),3-7(0x3-0x7)暂时没有进行定义,为以后的非控制帧保留。</p>    <p>除了上图中的8,9,10(0x8,0x9,0xA)外,11-15(0xB-0xF)暂时没有进行定义,为以后的控制帧保留。</p>    <p>消息的分片,一般来说,对于一个长度较小的消息,可以使用1帧完成消息的发送, 比如说文本消息,Fin的值为1,表示结束,Opcode值不能为0,0表示后续还有数据帧会发送过来。</p>    <p>而对于一些长度较长的消息,则需要将消息进行分片发送。比如语音消息,这时候起始帧的FIN值为0,Opcode为非0,接着是若干帧(FIN值都为0,Opcode值为0),结束帧FIN值为1,Opcode值为0。</p>    <p>WebSocket的控制帧有3种,关闭帧、Ping帧、Pong帧,关闭帧很好理解,客户端如果收到关闭帧直接关闭连接即可,当然客户端也可以发送关闭帧给服务器端。而Ping帧和Pong帧则是WebSocket的心跳检测,用于保证客户端是在线的,一般来说,只有服务端给客户端发送Ping帧,然后客户端发送Pong帧进行回应,表示自己还在线,可以进行后续通信。</p>    <ul>     <li> <p>MASK,共1位,掩码位,表示帧中的数据是否经过加密,客户端发出的数据帧需要经过掩码处理,这个值都是1。如果值是1,那么Masking-key域的数据就是掩码秘钥,用于解码PayloadData,否则Masking-key长度为0。</p> </li>    </ul>    <p>WebSocket协议规定数据通过帧序列传输。客户端必须对其发送到服务器的所有帧进行掩码处理。</p>    <p>服务器一旦收到无掩码帧,将关闭连接。服务器可能发送一个状态码是1002(表示协议错误)的Close帧。</p>    <p>而服务器发送客户端的数据帧不做掩码处理,一旦客户端发现经过掩码处理的帧,将关闭连接。客户端可能使用状态码1002。</p>    <p>更多状态码如下图所示:</p>    <p style="text-align:center"><img src="https://simg.open-open.com/show/cb76c24bd123285df13795f544ac18a3.png"></p>    <ul>     <li> <p>Payload len,7位或者7+16位或者7+64位,表示数据帧中数据大小,这里有好几种情况。</p>      <ul>       <li>如果值为0-125,那么该值就是payload data的真实长度。</li>       <li>如果值为126,那么该7位后面紧跟着的2个字节就是payload data的真实长度。</li>       <li>如果值为127,那么该7位后面紧跟着的8个字节就是payload data的真实长度。</li>       <li>长度遵循一个原则,就是用最少的字节表示长度,举个例子,当payload data的真实长度是124时,在0-125之间,必须用7位表示;不允许将这7位表示成126或者127,然后后面用2个字节或者8个字节表示124,这样做就违反了原则。</li>      </ul> </li>     <li> <p>Masking-key ,0或者4个字节,当MASK位为1时,4个字节,否则0个字节。如果MASK值为1,则发出去的数据需要经过加密处理,加密流程如下:</p> </li>    </ul>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">void mask(byte[] original, byte[] maskKey) {     for (int i = 0; i < original.length; i++) {          original[i] = (byte) (original[i] ^ maskKey[i % 4]);     }  }</code></pre>    <ul>     <li> <p>最后就是Payload data,其大小是(x+y)个字节,x是Extension data,即扩展数据,y是Application data,即程序数据,扩展数据可能为0。 如果扩展数据不为0,必须提前进行协商,规定其长度,否则是不合法的数据帧。</p> </li>    </ul>    <p>以上是WebSocket数据传输的帧内容,大致了解即可。除此之外,WebSocket协议还有一个握手的过程。握手通过发送一个http请求来完成,这里基本和http2.0有点类似,客户端发送一个请求协议升级的get请求给服务端,服务端如果支持的话会返回http code 为101,表示可以切换到对应的协议。大致流程如下:</p>    <ul>     <li> <p>客户端发送get请求协议升级</p> </li>    </ul>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">Upgrade: websocket  Connection: Upgrade  Sec-WebSocket-Key: RCfYMqhgCo4N4E+cIZ0iPg==  Sec-WebSocket-Version: 13</code></pre>    <p>该请求会在请求头上带上WebSocket的版本号,这里是13,以及客户端随机生成的Sec-WebSocket-Key,服务器端收到后根据这个key进行一些处理,返回一个Sec-WebSocket-Accept的值给客户端。</p>    <ul>     <li> <p>服务端返回同意升级到WebSocket协议</p> </li>    </ul>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols  Upgrade: websocket  Connection: upgrade  Sec-WebSocket-Accept: b7RAFizjwDE9lWS46ZMPfmN35wc=</code></pre>    <p>收到响应后,响应头中包含Sec-WebSocket-Accept值,该值表示服务器端同意握手,值的计算方式如下:</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">$(Sec-WebSocket-Accept)=BASE64(SHA1($(Sec-WebSocket-Key)+"258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11"))</code></pre>    <p>客户端得到该值后,对本地的Sec-WebSocket-Key进行同样的编码,然后对比,如果相同则可以进行后续处理。</p>    <p>关于WebSocket协议,一般来说,如果是通过https协议开始升级而来的,那么一般是wss://开头,如果是http协议开始升级而来的,那么一般是ws://开头</p>    <p>讲完了概念性的东西,接下来就是最佳实践了。</p>    <p>那么客户端怎么进行WebSocket测试呢?这里我们使用OkHttp的扩展模块Mock Server来实现。</p>    <p>首先引入okhttp依赖和mockserver依赖,对maven来说,内容如下</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java"><dependency>    <groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId>    <artifactId>okhttp</artifactId>    <version>3.4.1</version>  </dependency>  <dependency>    <groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId>    <artifactId>mockwebserver</artifactId>    <version>3.4.1</version>  </dependency></code></pre>    <p>对gradle来说,其内容如下</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">compile 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.4.1'  compile 'com.squareup.okhttp3:mockwebserver:3.4.1'</code></pre>    <p>接下来我们实现一个功能,功能大致如下:</p>    <ul>     <li> <p>客户端和服务端进行建连</p> </li>     <li> <p>连接建立后客户端向服务端发送文本内容command 1</p> </li>     <li> <p>服务器端收到文本内容command 1后返回给客户端内容replay command 1</p> </li>     <li> <p>客户端收到了服务器端返回的replay command 1后再次向服务端发送command 2</p> </li>     <li> <p>服务端收到文本内容command 2后,发送一个ping帧,客户端收到ping帧后会将ping帧内容原封不动的以pong帧返回给服务器端</p> </li>     <li> <p>服务器端收到客户端返回的心跳pong帧后,发送一个关闭连接的控制帧</p> </li>     <li> <p>客户端收到关闭控制帧后关闭连接</p> </li>     <li> <p>服务器端检测到客户端关闭连接,关闭连接</p> </li>    </ul>    <p>这里需要注意一点,okhttp内部对线程做了检测,也就是收到消息的线程为read线程,那么回复消息不能再read线程中去回复,而要开一个write线程,具体可以看源码,不遵循的话就就会扔异常出来。</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">if (Thread.currentThread() == looperThread) {        throw new IllegalStateException("attempting to write from reader thread");      }</code></pre>    <p>looperThread就是read线程。</p>    <p>知道了这一点后,我们根据上面的步骤实现一下,首先是server端,使用MockWebServer构造一个mock server对象,顺便new一个线程池,用于write线程回写消息。</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">private final MockWebServer mockWebServer = new MockWebServer();  private final ExecutorService writeExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();</code></pre>    <p>然后起一个webserver</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">mockWebServer.enqueue(new MockResponse().withWebSocketUpgrade(new WebSocketListener() {      WebSocket webSocket = null;        @Override      public void onOpen(final WebSocket webSocket, Response response) {          //保存引用,用于后续操作          this.webSocket = webSocket;          //打印一些内容          System.out.println("server onOpen");          System.out.println("server request header:" + response.request().headers());          System.out.println("server response header:" + response.headers());          System.out.println("server response:" + response);          }        @Override      public void onMessage(ResponseBody message) throws IOException {          String string = message.string();          System.out.println("server onMessage");          System.out.println("message:" + string);          //注意下面都是write线程回写给客户端          //当收到客户端的command 1时回复replay command 1          if ("command 1".equals(string)) {              //replay it              writeExecutor.execute(new Runnable() {                  @Override                  public void run() {                      try {                          webSocket.message(RequestBody.create(WebSocket.TEXT, "replay command 1"));                      } catch (IOException e) {                          e.printStackTrace();                      }                  }              });          } else if ("command 2".equals(string)) {              //当收到客户端的command 2时,发送ping帧              //ping it              writeExecutor.execute(new Runnable() {                  @Override                  public void run() {                      try {                          webSocket.ping(ByteString.of("ping from server...".getBytes()));                      } catch (IOException e) {                          e.printStackTrace();                      }                  }              });          }        }        @Override      public void onPong(ByteString payload) {          //打印一些内容          System.out.println("server onPong");          //注意下面都是write线程回写给客户端          //客户端收到ping帧后会回复pong帧,回调到这,收到pong帧后关闭连接          //close it          writeExecutor.execute(new Runnable() {              @Override              public void run() {                  try {                      webSocket.close(1000, "Normal Closure");                  } catch (IOException e) {                      e.printStackTrace();                  }              }          });        }        @Override      public void onClose(int code, String reason) {          //打印一些内容          System.out.println("server onClose");          System.out.println("code:" + code + " reason:" + reason);      }        @Override      public void onFailure(Throwable t, Response response) {          //出现异常会进入此回调          System.out.println("server onFailure");          System.out.println("throwable:" + t);          System.out.println("response:" + response);      }  }));</code></pre>    <p>然后是客户端的实现,也安装上面的步骤来即可。</p>    <p>不过这之前需要知道服务器端的Host和port,这两个值可以通过mockWebServer对象获得。</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">String hostName = mockWebServer.getHostName();  int port = mockWebServer.getPort();    System.out.println("hostName:" + hostName);  System.out.println("port:" + port);</code></pre>    <p>然后通过host和port构造请求</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">//新建client  OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()          .build();  //构造request对象  Request request = new Request.Builder()          .url("ws://" + hostName + ":" + port + "/")          .build();  //new 一个websocket调用对象并建立连接  client.newWebSocketCall(request).enqueue(new WebSocketListener() {      WebSocket webSocket = null;        @Override      public void onOpen(final WebSocket webSocket, Response response) {          //保存引用,用于后续操作          this.webSocket = webSocket;          //打印一些内容          System.out.println("client onOpen");          System.out.println("client request header:" + response.request().headers());          System.out.println("client response header:" + response.headers());          System.out.println("client response:" + response);          //注意下面都是write线程回写给客户端          //建立连接成功后,发生command 1给服务器端          writeExecutor.execute(new Runnable() {              @Override              public void run() {                  try {                      webSocket.message(RequestBody.create(WebSocket.TEXT, "command 1"));                  } catch (IOException e) {                      e.printStackTrace();                  }              }          });      }        @Override      public void onMessage(ResponseBody message) throws IOException {          //打印一些内容          String string = message.string();          System.out.println("client onMessage");          System.out.println("message:" + string);            //注意下面都是write线程回写给客户端          if ("replay command 1".equals(string)) {              //收到服务器返回的replay command 1后继续向服务器端发送command 2              //replay it              writeExecutor.execute(new Runnable() {                  @Override                  public void run() {                      try {                          webSocket.message(RequestBody.create(WebSocket.TEXT, "command 2"));                      } catch (IOException e) {                          e.printStackTrace();                      }                  }              });          }      }        @Override      public void onPong(ByteString payload) {          //打印一些内容          System.out.println("client onPong");          System.out.println("payload:" + payload);      }        @Override      public void onClose(int code, String reason) {          //打印一些内容          System.out.println("client onClose");          System.out.println("code:" + code + " reason:" + reason);      }        @Override      public void onFailure(Throwable t, Response response) {          //发生错误时会回调到这          System.out.println("client onFailure");          System.out.println("throwable:" + t);          System.out.println("response:" + response);      }  });</code></pre>    <p>最终输出如下图所示</p>    <p><img src="https://simg.open-open.com/show/fcad2fdf297b8783cf8b4d60ba371976.png"></p>    <p>除了文本内容外,也可以发送二进制内容,如图像,语音,视频等,所以我们完全可以自定义发送的内容。</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">webSocket.message(RequestBody.create(WebSocket.BINARY,bytes));</code></pre>    <p>而除了okhttp外,我们也可以使用Java-Websocket库来实现,其maven依赖如下</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java"><dependency>      <groupId>org.java-websocket</groupId>      <artifactId>Java-WebSocket</artifactId>      <version>1.3.0</version>  </dependency></code></pre>    <p>gradle依赖如下</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">compile 'org.java-websocket:Java-WebSocket:1.3.0'</code></pre>    <p>用法也和okhttp类似,具体细节不追究,大概给一个demo,开启一个mock server可以使用WebSocketServer对象,因为run了一个server只会会循环阻塞当前线程,所以我们在子线程中run。</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">private final ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();    try {      executorService.execute(new Runnable() {          @Override          public void run() {              WebSocketServer webSocketServer = new WebSocketServer(new InetSocketAddress("localhost", 8080)) {                  @Override                  public void onOpen(WebSocket webSocket, ClientHandshake clientHandshake) {                      System.out.println("server onOpen");                  }                    @Override                  public void onClose(WebSocket webSocket, int i, String s, boolean b) {                      System.out.println("server onClose:" + i + " " + s + " " + b);                  }                    @Override                  public void onMessage(WebSocket webSocket, String s) {                      System.out.println("server onMessage:" + s);                  }                    @Override                  public void onError(WebSocket webSocket, Exception e) {                      System.out.println("server onMessage:" + e);                  }              };              webSocketServer.run();          }      });    } catch (Exception e) {      e.printStackTrace();  }</code></pre>    <p>然后客户端可以使用WebSocketClient对象</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">private final ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();    executorService.execute(new Runnable() {      @Override      public void run() {          Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap();          WebSocketClient webSocketClient = new WebSocketClient(URI.create("ws://localhost:8080/"), new Draft_17(), headers, 10) {                @Override              public void onOpen(ServerHandshake serverHandshake) {                  System.out.println("client onOpen");              }                @Override              public void onMessage(String s) {                  System.out.println("client onMessage:" + s);              }                @Override              public void onClose(int i, String s, boolean b) {                  System.out.println("client onClose:" + i + " " + s + " " + b);              }                @Override              public void onError(Exception e) {                  System.out.println("client onError:" + e);              }          };            webSocketClient.connect();      }  });</code></pre>    <p>知道了如何使用之后,我们来深究一些okhttp内部是怎么实现的WebSocket协议,其内部定义了三个接口,首先是WebSocket接口,用于实现发送消息帧,ping检测心跳,close关闭连接,其内部还定义了两个常量,用于发送不同类型的帧。</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">public interface WebSocket {    //文本帧时使用    MediaType TEXT = MediaType.parse("application/vnd.okhttp.websocket+text; charset=utf-8");    //二进制帧时使用    MediaType BINARY = MediaType.parse("application/vnd.okhttp.websocket+binary");        void message(RequestBody message) throws IOException;        void ping(ByteString payload) throws IOException;        void close(int code, String reason) throws IOException;  }</code></pre>    <p>接着是WebSocketListener接口,用于进行各种回调,如建立连接成功时的回调,收到消息帧时的回调,收到Pong帧时的回调,关闭连接时的回调,以及连接过程中发生任何错误的回调,其定义如下:</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">public interface WebSocketListener {      void onOpen(WebSocket webSocket, Response response);      void onMessage(ResponseBody message) throws IOException;      void onPong(ByteString payload);      void onClose(int code, String reason);      void onFailure(Throwable t, Response response);  }</code></pre>    <p>最后一个是类似Http请求时OkHttp返回的Call对象,定义了几个方法,如获取request对象,异步请求,取消连接,判断是否已经执行过,是否已经被取消了,以及一个clone方法,返回一个可被重新执行的WebSocketCall对象,此外,内部还定义了一个Factory接口,该接口被OkHttpClient所实现,用于返回一个WebSocketCall对象,从而建立WebSocket连接。</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">public interface WebSocketCall extends Cloneable {    Request request();      void enqueue(WebSocketListener listener);      void cancel();      boolean isExecuted();      boolean isCanceled();      WebSocketCall clone();      interface Factory {      WebSocketCall newWebSocketCall(Request request);    }  }</code></pre>    <p>OkHttpClient内部实现的Factory接口中的方法如下,返回了WebSocketCall的实现类RealWebSocketCall。</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">public WebSocketCall newWebSocketCall(Request request) {      return new RealWebSocketCall(this, request);    }</code></pre>    <p>在RealWebSocketCall构造函数中,主要做一件事情,就是构造请求协议升级的请求。必须是Get请求,然后生成一个随机数,进行base64编码,设置为请求头Sec-WebSocket-Key的值,OkHttp内部实现的WebSocket版本是13,所以添加请求头Sec-WebSocket-Version=13</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">RealWebSocketCall(OkHttpClient client, Request request) {      this(client, request, new SecureRandom());    }      RealWebSocketCall(OkHttpClient client, Request request, Random random) {      if (!"GET".equals(request.method())) {        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Request must be GET: " + request.method());      }      this.random = random;        byte[] nonce = new byte[16];      random.nextBytes(nonce);      key = ByteString.of(nonce).base64();        client = client.newBuilder()          .readTimeout(0, SECONDS) // i.e., no timeout because this is a long-lived connection.          .writeTimeout(0, SECONDS) // i.e., no timeout because this is a long-lived connection.          .protocols(ONLY_HTTP1)          .build();        originalRequest = request;      request = request.newBuilder()          .header("Upgrade", "websocket")          .header("Connection", "Upgrade")          .header("Sec-WebSocket-Key", key)          .header("Sec-WebSocket-Version", "13")          .build();        call = new RealCall(client, request, true /* for web socket */);    }</code></pre>    <p>当我们调用enqueue方法异步进行连接时,就会发送构造函数里构造的http升级协议请求,当服务器端返回响应体时,进行解析,获得StreamWebSocket对象。</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">StreamWebSocket create(Response response, WebSocketListener listener) throws IOException {      if (response.code() != 101) {        throw new ProtocolException("Expected HTTP 101 response but was '"            + response.code()            + " "            + response.message()            + "'");      }        String headerConnection = response.header("Connection");      if (!"Upgrade".equalsIgnoreCase(headerConnection)) {        throw new ProtocolException(            "Expected 'Connection' header value 'Upgrade' but was '" + headerConnection + "'");      }      String headerUpgrade = response.header("Upgrade");      if (!"websocket".equalsIgnoreCase(headerUpgrade)) {        throw new ProtocolException(            "Expected 'Upgrade' header value 'websocket' but was '" + headerUpgrade + "'");      }      String headerAccept = response.header("Sec-WebSocket-Accept");      String acceptExpected = Util.shaBase64(key + WebSocketProtocol.ACCEPT_MAGIC);      if (!acceptExpected.equals(headerAccept)) {        throw new ProtocolException("Expected 'Sec-WebSocket-Accept' header value '"            + acceptExpected            + "' but was '"            + headerAccept            + "'");      }        String name = response.request().url().redact().toString();      ThreadPoolExecutor replyExecutor =          new ThreadPoolExecutor(1, 1, 1, SECONDS, new LinkedBlockingDeque<Runnable>(),              Util.threadFactory(Util.format("OkHttp %s WebSocket Replier", name), true));      replyExecutor.allowCoreThreadTimeOut(true);        StreamAllocation streamAllocation = call.streamAllocation();      streamAllocation.noNewStreams(); // Web socket connections can't be re-used.      return new StreamWebSocket(streamAllocation, random, replyExecutor, listener, response, name);    }</code></pre>    <p>如果服务器端返回的http code不是101,则表示升级协议失败,扔出异常,然后会检测响应头中是否包含Connection,且对应的值是否是Upgrade,再判断响应头中是否包含Upgrade,且其值为websocket,如果不满足条件,扔出异常,然后获取响应头中的Sec-WebSocket-Accept值,进行校验,是否和预期的值是一样。其计算方式就是构造函数中生成的随机数的base64的值加上WebSocket的魔数258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11,进行sha1后的base64值。然后构造StreamWebSocket对象返回。</p>    <p>返回后调用 webSocket.loopReader();方法进行循环。该方法首先会调用回调接口中的onOpen方法告诉调用者建立连接成功了,然后不断读取消息帧。读取消息帧的流程就是解析文章中最开始贴的图中的协议内容。</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">public final void loopReader() {      looperThread = Thread.currentThread();        try {        try {          readerListener.onOpen(this, response);        } catch (Throwable t) {          Util.throwIfFatal(t);          replyToReaderError(t);          readerListener.onFailure(t, null);          return;        }          while (processNextFrame()) {        }      } finally {        looperThread = null;      }    }</code></pre>    <p>如读取到控制帧时会根据不同的opcode回调接口中的对应函数</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">switch (opcode) {        case OPCODE_CONTROL_PING:          frameCallback.onReadPing(buffer.readByteString());          break;        case OPCODE_CONTROL_PONG:          frameCallback.onReadPong(buffer.readByteString());          break;        case OPCODE_CONTROL_CLOSE:          int code = CLOSE_NO_STATUS_CODE;          String reason = "";          long bufferSize = buffer.size();          if (bufferSize == 1) {            throw new ProtocolException("Malformed close payload length of 1.");          } else if (bufferSize != 0) {            code = buffer.readShort();            reason = buffer.readUtf8();            validateCloseCode(code, false);          }          frameCallback.onReadClose(code, reason);          closed = true;          break;        default:          throw new ProtocolException("Unknown control opcode: " + toHexString(opcode));      }</code></pre>    <p>当读到ping帧时,会将原数据以pong帧返回</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">@Override public final void onReadPing(ByteString buffer) {      replyToPeerPing(buffer);    }     /** Replies with a pong when a ping frame is read from the peer. */    private void replyToPeerPing(final ByteString payload) {      Runnable replierPong = new NamedRunnable("OkHttp %s WebSocket Pong Reply", name) {        @Override protected void execute() {          try {            writer.writePong(payload);          } catch (IOException t) {            Platform.get().log(INFO, "Unable to send pong reply in response to peer ping.", t);          }        }      };      synchronized (replier) {        if (!isShutdown) {          replier.execute(replierPong);        }      }    }</code></pre>    <p>当读到pong帧时,直接回调</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">public final void onReadPong(ByteString buffer) {      readerListener.onPong(buffer);    }</code></pre>    <p>当读到close帧时,也是直接回调</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">@Override public final void onReadClose(int code, String reason) {      replyToPeerClose(code, reason);      readerSawClose = true;      readerListener.onClose(code, reason);    }</code></pre>    <p>再者读到消息帧的时候,就会读取payload data中的数据,回调frameCallback.onReadMessage方法,返回数据。</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">private void readMessageFrame() throws IOException {      final MediaType type;      switch (opcode) {        case OPCODE_TEXT:          type = WebSocket.TEXT;          break;        case OPCODE_BINARY:          type = WebSocket.BINARY;          break;        default:          throw new ProtocolException("Unknown opcode: " + toHexString(opcode));      }        final BufferedSource source = Okio.buffer(framedMessageSource);      ResponseBody body = new ResponseBody() {        @Override public MediaType contentType() {          return type;        }          @Override public long contentLength() {          return -1;        }          @Override public BufferedSource source() {          return source;        }      };        messageClosed = false;      frameCallback.onReadMessage(body);      if (!messageClosed) {        throw new IllegalStateException("Listener failed to call close on message payload.");      }    }</code></pre>    <p>frameCallback.onReadMessage会回调到RealWebSocket中的onReadMessage,最终回调给监听器</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">@Override public final void onReadMessage(ResponseBody message) throws IOException {      readerListener.onMessage(message);    }</code></pre>    <p>同理,回复消息帧则是读取消息帧的逆过程,具体流程,有兴趣自己看源码把~</p>    <p> </p>    <p>来自:http://blog.csdn.net/sbsujjbcy/article/details/52839540</p>    <p> </p>