不得不吐槽的Android PopupWindow的几个痛点

cj0619 8年前
   <p>说到PopupWindow,我个人感觉是又爱又恨,没有深入使用之前总觉得这个东西应该很简单,很好用,但是真正使用PopupWindow实现一些效果的时候总会遇到一些问题,但是即便是人家的api有问题,作为程序员也没有办法,只能去想办法去补救。</p>    <p>下面是我在使用过程中发现的关于PopupWindow的几个痛点:</p>    <p><strong>痛点一:</strong> 不设置背景就不能响应返回键和点击外部消失的,这个我认为就是api留下的bug,有些版本里面修复了这个问题,感兴趣的可以多看看几个版本的源码,还可以看出Google是怎么修改的。</p>    <p><strong>痛点二:</strong> showAsDropDown(View anchorView)方法使用也会遇到坑,如果不看api注释,会认为PopupWindow只能显示在anchorView的下面(与anchorView左下角对齐显示),但是看了方法注释之后发现次方法是可以让PopupWindow显示在anchorView的上面的(anchorView左上角对齐显示)。如果真这样,那实现自适应带箭头的上下文菜单不就很容易了么,事实证明还是会有些瑕疵。</p>    <p><strong>痛点三:</strong> 个人觉得api设计得不好使,不过这个只能怪自己对api理解不够深刻,不过下面几个api组合使用还是得介绍一下。</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">// 如果不设置PopupWindow的背景,有些版本就会出现一个问题:无论是点击外部区域还是Back键都无法dismiss弹框  popupWindow.setBackgroundDrawable(new ColorDrawable());    // setOutsideTouchable设置生效的前提是setTouchable(true)和setFocusable(false)  popupWindow.setOutsideTouchable(true);    // 设置为true之后,PopupWindow内容区域 才可以响应点击事件  popupWindow.setTouchable(true);    // true时,点击返回键先消失 PopupWindow  // 但是设置为true时setOutsideTouchable,setTouchable方法就失效了(点击外部不消失,内容区域也不响应事件)  // false时PopupWindow不处理返回键  popupWindow.setFocusable(false);  popupWindow.setTouchInterceptor(new View.OnTouchListener() {      @Override      public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {          return false;   // 这里面拦截不到返回键      }  });  </code></pre>    <p>将理论始终听起来很形象,通过实例可以让人更加印象深刻,第一点已经有文章介绍了,下面实现一个带箭头的上下文菜单体会一下痛点二和三,到底怎么个痛法。先上效果再上代码,代码里面的注释标注了痛点的地方。</p>    <p>上下文菜单效果图</p>    <p>默认向下弹出</p>    <p style="text-align:center"><img src="https://simg.open-open.com/show/a2f3c5f1e8084abe2740a1e017486808.png"></p>    <p>下面空间不足时先上弹出</p>    <p style="text-align:center"><img src="https://simg.open-open.com/show/9e4c4d25259104e96061773e205b806d.png"></p>    <p>特例出现了,我希望第一排右边按钮点击时PopupWindow在下面,但是我失望了</p>    <p style="text-align:center"><img src="https://simg.open-open.com/show/cd9c3642ac16027c4de33e873d1e4a59.png"></p>    <p>虽然达不到我要的效果,但是作为学习资源还是不错的,下面贴出代码</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">import android.app.Activity;  import android.graphics.drawable.ColorDrawable;  import android.os.Bundle;  import android.view.LayoutInflater;  import android.view.MotionEvent;  import android.view.View;  import android.view.ViewTreeObserver;  import android.widget.PopupWindow;  import android.widget.RelativeLayout;  import android.widget.Toast;    public class TopBottomArrowPopupActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener {        private View mButton1;      private View mButton2;      private View mButton3;      private View mButton4;      private View mButton5;      private View mButton6;      private PopupWindow mCurPopupWindow;        @Override      protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {          super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);          setContentView(R.layout.activity_top_arrow_pos_window);          mButton1 = findViewById(R.id.buttion1);          mButton2 = findViewById(R.id.buttion2);          mButton3 = findViewById(R.id.buttion3);          mButton4 = findViewById(R.id.buttion4);          mButton5 = findViewById(R.id.buttion5);          mButton6 = findViewById(R.id.buttion6);          mButton1.setOnClickListener(this);          mButton2.setOnClickListener(this);          mButton3.setOnClickListener(this);          mButton4.setOnClickListener(this);          mButton5.setOnClickListener(this);          mButton6.setOnClickListener(this);      }        @Override      public void onClick(View v) {          int id = v.getId();          switch (id) {              case R.id.buttion1:                  mCurPopupWindow = showTipPopupWindow(mButton1, new View.OnClickListener() {                      @Override                      public void onClick(View v) {                          Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "点击到弹窗内容", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                      }                  });                  break;              case R.id.buttion2:                  mCurPopupWindow = showTipPopupWindow(mButton2, new View.OnClickListener() {                      @Override                      public void onClick(View v) {                          Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "点击到弹窗内容", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                      }                  });                  break;              case R.id.buttion3:                  mCurPopupWindow = showTipPopupWindow(mButton3, new View.OnClickListener() {                      @Override                      public void onClick(View v) {                          Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "点击到弹窗内容", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                      }                  });                  break;              case R.id.buttion4:                  mCurPopupWindow = showTipPopupWindow(mButton4, new View.OnClickListener() {                      @Override                      public void onClick(View v) {                          Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "点击到弹窗内容", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                      }                  });                  break;              case R.id.buttion5:                  showTipPopupWindow(mButton5, new View.OnClickListener() {                      @Override                      public void onClick(View v) {                          Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "点击到弹窗内容", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                      }                  });                  break;              case R.id.buttion6:                  mCurPopupWindow = showTipPopupWindow(mButton6, new View.OnClickListener() {                      @Override                      public void onClick(View v) {                          Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "点击到弹窗内容", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                      }                  });                  break;          }      }        public PopupWindow showTipPopupWindow(final View anchorView, final View.OnClickListener onClickListener) {          final View contentView = LayoutInflater.from(anchorView.getContext())                                                                          .inflate(R.layout.popuw_content_top_arrow_layout, null);          contentView.measure(View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);          // 创建PopupWindow时候指定高宽时showAsDropDown能够自适应          // 如果设置为wrap_content,showAsDropDown会认为下面空间一直很充足(我以认为这个Google的bug)          // 备注如果PopupWindow里面有ListView,ScrollView时,一定要动态设置PopupWindow的大小          final PopupWindow popupWindow = new PopupWindow(contentView,                  contentView.getMeasuredWidth(), contentView.getMeasuredHeight(), false);            contentView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {              @Override              public void onClick(View v) {                  popupWindow.dismiss();                  onClickListener.onClick(v);              }          });            contentView.getViewTreeObserver().addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener() {              @Override              public void onGlobalLayout() {                  // 自动调整箭头的位置                  autoAdjustArrowPos(popupWindow, contentView, anchorView);                  contentView.getViewTreeObserver().removeGlobalOnLayoutListener(this);              }          });          // 如果不设置PopupWindow的背景,有些版本就会出现一个问题:无论是点击外部区域还是Back键都无法dismiss弹框          popupWindow.setBackgroundDrawable(new ColorDrawable());            // setOutsideTouchable设置生效的前提是setTouchable(true)和setFocusable(false)          popupWindow.setOutsideTouchable(true);            // 设置为true之后,PopupWindow内容区域 才可以响应点击事件          popupWindow.setTouchable(true);            // true时,点击返回键先消失 PopupWindow          // 但是设置为true时setOutsideTouchable,setTouchable方法就失效了(点击外部不消失,内容区域也不响应事件)          // false时PopupWindow不处理返回键          popupWindow.setFocusable(false);          popupWindow.setTouchInterceptor(new View.OnTouchListener() {              @Override              public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {                  return false;   // 这里面拦截不到返回键              }          });          // 如果希望showAsDropDown方法能够在下面空间不足时自动在anchorView的上面弹出          // 必须在创建PopupWindow的时候指定高度,不能用wrap_content          popupWindow.showAsDropDown(anchorView);          return popupWindow;      }        private void autoAdjustArrowPos(PopupWindow popupWindow, View contentView, View anchorView) {          View upArrow = contentView.findViewById(R.id.up_arrow);          View downArrow = contentView.findViewById(R.id.down_arrow);            int pos[] = new int[2];          contentView.getLocationOnScreen(pos);          int popLeftPos = pos[0];          anchorView.getLocationOnScreen(pos);          int anchorLeftPos = pos[0];          int arrowLeftMargin = anchorLeftPos - popLeftPos + anchorView.getWidth() / 2 - upArrow.getWidth() / 2;          upArrow.setVisibility(popupWindow.isAboveAnchor() ? View.INVISIBLE : View.VISIBLE);          downArrow.setVisibility(popupWindow.isAboveAnchor() ? View.VISIBLE : View.INVISIBLE);            RelativeLayout.LayoutParams upArrowParams = (RelativeLayout.LayoutParams) upArrow.getLayoutParams();          upArrowParams.leftMargin = arrowLeftMargin;          RelativeLayout.LayoutParams downArrowParams = (RelativeLayout.LayoutParams) downArrow.getLayoutParams();          downArrowParams.leftMargin = arrowLeftMargin;      }        @Override      public void onBackPressed() {          if (mCurPopupWindow != null && mCurPopupWindow.isShowing()) {              mCurPopupWindow.dismiss();          } else {              super.onBackPressed();          }      }  }  </code></pre>    <p>结束语</p>    <p>虽然不能完全把PopupWindow的问题描述清楚,但是只要知道有这些坑,以后写代码的时候就会多留意下,知道PopupWindow的那几个常用api相互组合会出现什么样的结果。坚持写文章不容易,但是感觉遇到的问题就应该记录下来,好记性不如烂笔头,时间长了可以通过文章记录的知识快速为自己找到问题的解决方法。</p>    <p> </p>    <p>来自:http://www.cnblogs.com/popfisher/p/5944054.html</p>    <p> </p>