Android Retrofit 2.0使用
pugl9310
9年前
<p>实例带你了解Retrofit 2.0的使用,分享目前开发Retrofit遇到的坑和心得。</p> <h2>添加依赖</h2> <p>app/build.gradle</p> <pre> <code class="language-java">compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.0.0-beta3'</code></pre> <h2>声明接口</h2> <pre> <code class="language-java"> /** * Call<T> get();必须是这种形式,这是2.0之后的新形式 * 如果不需要转换成Json数据,可以用了ResponseBody; * 你也可以使用Call<GsonBean> get();这样的话,需要添加Gson转换器 */ public interface ApiStores { @GET("adat/sk/{cityId}.html") Call<ResponseBody> getWeather(@Path("cityId") String cityId); }</code></pre> <p>如果链接是 <a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959674392668334686" rel="nofollow,noindex">http://ip.taobao.com/service/getIpInfo.php?ip=202.202.33.33</a></p> <pre> <code class="language-java"> @GET("http://ip.taobao.com/service/getIpInfo.php") Call<ResponseBody> getWeather(@Query("ip") String ip);</code></pre> <h2>接口调用</h2> <pre> <code class="language-java"> Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder() //这里建议:- Base URL: 总是以/结尾;- @Url: 不要以/开头 .baseUrl("http://www.weather.com.cn/") .build(); ApiStores apiStores = retrofit.create(ApiStores.class); Call<ResponseBody> call = apiStores.getWeather("101010100");</code></pre> <p>如果@GET(" <a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959674392755674413" rel="nofollow,noindex">http://ip.taobao.com/service/getIpInfo.php"),则baseUrl无效。</a></p> <p>注意这个任务是网络任务,不要忘记给程序加入网络权限</p> <pre> <code class="language-java"><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /></code></pre> <h2>同步调用</h2> <pre> <code class="language-java"> try { Response<ResponseBody> bodyResponse = call.execute(); String body = bodyResponse.body().string();//获取返回体的字符串 Log.i("wxl", "body=" + body); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }</code></pre> <p>同步需要处理android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException</p> <h2>异步调用</h2> <pre> <code class="language-java">call.enqueue(new Callback<ResponseBody>() { @Override public void onResponse(Response<ResponseBody> response) { try { Log.i("wxl", "response=" + response.body().string()); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public void onFailure(Throwable t) { Log.i("wxl", "onFailure=" + t.getMessage()); } });</code></pre> <h2>移除请求</h2> <pre> <code class="language-java">call.cancel();</code></pre> <h2>JSON解析库</h2> <p>Retrofit 2现在支持许多种解析方式来解析响应数据,包括Moshi,一个由Square创建的高效JSON解析库。</p> <h2>添加gson依赖</h2> <p>app/build.gradle</p> <pre> <code class="language-java">compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.0.0-beta3'</code></pre> <h2>jsonschema2pojo</h2> <p>访问 <a href="/misc/goto?guid=4958832210121601500" rel="nofollow,noindex">jsonschema2pojo</a> ,自动生成Java对象,如果你对gson还不熟悉,笔者建议你手动生成Java对象,感受下。</p> <p><img src="https://simg.open-open.com/show/41987c6b26ddb138f457a90f16641e8a.png"></p> <p>这里如果选择Gson,生成的代码中存在@Generated注解,Android默认并没有javax.annotation library。如果你希望保留@Generated注解,需要添加如下的依赖。</p> <pre> <code class="language-java">compile 'org.glassfish:javax.annotation:10.0-b28'</code></pre> <p>或者,你可以直接删除这个注解,完全没有问题。笔者当然不会加这个依赖啦。</p> <h2>Gsonformat</h2> <p>作用:Android studio插件,一般接口返回数据后要建立自己的bean,Gsonformat帮助你快速生成,不用一条一条去写。比jsonschema2pojo更加简单。</p> <p>安装步骤:Android studio-Settings-Plugins-搜Gsonformat-Install Plugin</p> <p>效果预览:</p> <p><img src="https://simg.open-open.com/show/4ec228dd7b81405568515f208261b525.gif"></p> <h2>实例代码</h2> <p>依旧演示上面的天气: <a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959674392861304532" rel="nofollow,noindex">http://www.weather.com.cn/adat/sk/101010100.html</a></p> <pre> <code class="language-java">public class WeatherJson { //weatherinfo需要对应json数据的名称,我之前随便写了个,被坑很久 private Weatherinfo weatherinfo; public Weatherinfo getWeatherinfo() { return weatherinfo; } public void setWeatherinfo(Weatherinfo weatherinfo) { this.weatherinfo = weatherinfo; } //city、cityid必须对应json数据的名称,不然解析不了 public class Weatherinfo { private String city; private String cityid; private String temp; private String WD; private String WS; private String SD; private String WSE; private String time; private String isRadar; private String Radar; private String njd; private String qy; //这里省略get和set方法 } }</code></pre> <p>ApiStores:</p> <pre> <code class="language-java">public class AppClient { static Retrofit mRetrofit; public static Retrofit retrofit() { if (mRetrofit == null) { mRetrofit = new Retrofit.Builder() .baseUrl("http://www.weather.com.cn/") .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create()) .build(); } return mRetrofit; } public interface ApiStores { @GET("adat/sk/{cityId}.html") Call<WeatherJson> getWeather(@Path("cityId") String cityId); } }</code></pre> <p>调用:</p> <pre> <code class="language-java"> private void getWeather() { AppClient.ApiStores apiStores = AppClient.retrofit().create(AppClient.ApiStores.class); Call<WeatherJson> call = apiStores.getWeather("101010100"); call.enqueue(new Callback<WeatherJson>() { @Override public void onResponse(Response<WeatherJson> response) { Log.i("wxl", "getWeatherinfo=" + response.body().getWeatherinfo().getCity()); } @Override public void onFailure(Throwable t) { } }); }</code></pre> <p>经Gson转换器, Call<ResponseBody> 换成自己要写的 Call<WeatherJson></p> <h2>RxJava</h2> <p>依赖以下:</p> <pre> <code class="language-java">compile 'com.squareup.retrofit:adapter-rxjava:2.0.0-beta3' compile 'io.reactivex:rxandroid:1.0.1'</code></pre> <p>增加addCallAdapterFactory</p> <pre> <code class="language-java">Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder() .baseUrl("http://api.nuuneoi.com/base/") .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create()) .addCallAdapterFactory(RxJavaCallAdapterFactory.create()) .build();</code></pre> <p>ApiStores</p> <pre> <code class="language-java"> @GET("adat/sk/{cityId}.html") Observable<WeatherJson> getWeatherRxjava(@Path("cityId") String cityId);</code></pre> <p>subscribe部分的代码在Schedulers.io被调用,需要把observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())添加到链表中。</p> <pre> <code class="language-java"> private void getWeatherRxjava() { AppClient.ApiStores apiStores = AppClient.retrofit().create(AppClient.ApiStores.class); Observable<WeatherJson> observable = apiStores.getWeatherRxjava("101010100"); observable.subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()) .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) .subscribe(new Observer<WeatherJson>() { @Override public void onCompleted() { Log.i("wxl", "onCompleted"); } @Override public void onError(Throwable e) { Log.i("wxl", "e=" + e.getMessage()); } @Override public void onNext(WeatherJson weatherJson) { Log.i("wxl", "getWeatherinfo=" + weatherJson.getWeatherinfo().getCity()); } }); }</code></pre> <p>来自: <a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959674392945861148" rel="nofollow">http://www.jianshu.com/p/c213d9ec6c9b</a></p> <p> </p>