Spring Boot中使用log4j实现http请求日志入mongodb
BaiScales
8年前
<p>之前在 <a href="http://www.open-open.com/lib/view/open1464178853523.html">《使用AOP统一处理Web请求日志》</a> 一文中介绍了如何使用AOP统一记录web请求日志。基本思路是通过aop去切web层的controller实现,获取每个http的内容并通过log4j将日志内容写到应用服务器的文件系统中。</p> <p>但是当我们在集群中部署应用之后,应用请求的日志被分散记录在了不同应用服务器的文件系统上,这样分散的存储并不利于我们对日志内容的检索。解决日志分散问题的方案多种多样,本文思路以在 <a href="http://www.open-open.com/lib/view/open1464178853523.html">《使用AOP统一处理Web请求日志》</a> 一文的基础之上,扩展log4j实现将日志写入MongoDB。</p> <h2>准备工作</h2> <p>可以先拿 <a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959669009259383381" rel="nofollow,noindex">Chapter4-2-4工程</a> 为基础,进行后续的实验改造。该工程实现了一个简单的REST接口,一个对web层的切面,并在web层切面前后记录http请求的日志内容。</p> <h2>通过自定义appender实现</h2> <p>思路:log4j提供的输出器实现自Appender接口,要自定义appender输出到MongoDB,只需要继承AppenderSkeleton类,并实现几个方法即可完成。</p> <p>引入mongodb的驱动</p> <p>在pom.xml中引入下面依赖</p> <pre> <code class="language-java"><dependency> <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId> <artifactId>mongodb-driver</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </dependency> </code></pre> <p>实现MongoAppender</p> <p>编写MongoAppender类继承AppenderSkeleton,实现如下:</p> <pre> <code class="language-java">public class MongoAppender extends AppenderSkeleton { private MongoClient mongoClient; private MongoDatabase mongoDatabase; private MongoCollection<BasicDBObject> logsCollection; private String connectionUrl; private String databaseName; private String collectionName; @Override protected void append(LoggingEvent loggingEvent) { if(mongoDatabase == null) { MongoClientURI connectionString = new MongoClientURI(connectionUrl); mongoClient = new MongoClient(connectionString); mongoDatabase = mongoClient.getDatabase(databaseName); logsCollection = mongoDatabase.getCollection(collectionName, BasicDBObject.class); } logsCollection.insertOne((BasicDBObject) loggingEvent.getMessage()); } @Override public void close() { if(mongoClient != null) { mongoClient.close(); } } @Override public boolean requiresLayout() { return false; } // 省略getter和setter } </code></pre> <ul> <li> <p>定义MongoDB的配置参数,可通过log4j.properties配置:</p> <ul> <li>connectionUrl:连接mongodb的串</li> <li>databaseName:数据库名</li> <li>collectionName:集合名</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>定义MongoDB的连接和操作对象,根据log4j.properties配置的参数初始化:</p> <ul> <li>mongoClient:mongodb的连接客户端</li> <li>mongoDatabase:记录日志的数据库</li> <li>logsCollection:记录日志的集合</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>重写append函数:</p> <ul> <li>根据log4j.properties中的配置创建mongodb连接</li> <li>LoggingEvent提供getMessage()函数来获取日志消息</li> <li>往配置的记录日志的collection中插入日志消息</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>重写close函数:关闭mongodb的</p> </li> </ul> <p>配置log4j.properties</p> <p>设置名为mongodb的logger:</p> <ul> <li>记录INFO级别日志</li> <li>appender实现为com.didispace.log.MongoAppende</li> <li>mongodb连接地址:mongodb://localhost:27017</li> <li>mongodb数据库名:logs</li> <li>mongodb集合名:logs_request</li> </ul> <pre> <code class="language-java">log4j.logger.mongodb=INFO, mongodb # mongodb输出 log4j.appender.mongodb=com.didispace.log.MongoAppender log4j.appender.mongodb.connectionUrl=mongodb://localhost:27017 log4j.appender.mongodb.databaseName=logs log4j.appender.mongodb.collectionName=logs_request </code></pre> <p>切面中使用mongodb logger</p> <p>修改后的代码如下,主要做了以下几点修改:</p> <ul> <li>logger取名为mongodb的</li> <li>通过getBasicDBObject函数从HttpServletRequest和JoinPoint对象中获取请求信息,并组装成BasicDBObject <ul> <li>getHeadersInfo函数从HttpServletRequest中获取header信息</li> </ul> </li> <li>通过logger.info(),输出BasicDBObject对象的信息到mongodb</li> </ul> <pre> <code class="language-java">@Aspect @Order(1) @Component public class WebLogAspect { private Logger logger = Logger.getLogger("mongodb"); @Pointcut("execution(public * com.didispace.web..*.*(..))") public void webLog(){} @Before("webLog()") public void doBefore(JoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable { // 获取HttpServletRequest ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes(); HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest(); // 获取要记录的日志内容 BasicDBObject logInfo = getBasicDBObject(request, joinPoint); logger.info(logInfo); } private BasicDBObject getBasicDBObject(HttpServletRequest request, JoinPoint joinPoint) { // 基本信息 BasicDBObject r = new BasicDBObject(); r.append("requestURL", request.getRequestURL().toString()); r.append("requestURI", request.getRequestURI()); r.append("queryString", request.getQueryString()); r.append("remoteAddr", request.getRemoteAddr()); r.append("remoteHost", request.getRemoteHost()); r.append("remotePort", request.getRemotePort()); r.append("localAddr", request.getLocalAddr()); r.append("localName", request.getLocalName()); r.append("method", request.getMethod()); r.append("headers", getHeadersInfo(request)); r.append("parameters", request.getParameterMap()); r.append("classMethod", joinPoint.getSignature().getDeclaringTypeName() + "." + joinPoint.getSignature().getName()); r.append("args", Arrays.toString(joinPoint.getArgs())); return r; } private Map<String, String> getHeadersInfo(HttpServletRequest request) { Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>(); Enumeration headerNames = request.getHeaderNames(); while (headerNames.hasMoreElements()) { String key = (String) headerNames.nextElement(); String value = request.getHeader(key); map.put(key, value); } return map; } } </code></pre> <p>完整示例: <a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959669009259383381" rel="nofollow,noindex">Chapter4-2-5</a></p> <h2>其他补充</h2> <p>上述内容主要提供一个思路去实现自定义日志的输出和管理。我们可以通过jdbc实现日志记录到mongodb,也可以通过spring-data-mongo来记录到mongodb,当然我们也可以输出到其他数据库,或者输出到消息队列等待其他后续处理等。</p> <p>对于日志记录到mongodb,也可以直接使用 <a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959673710008976850" rel="nofollow,noindex">log4mongo</a> 实现更为方便快捷。</p> <p> </p> <p>来自: <a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959673710089605443" rel="nofollow">http://blog.didispace.com/springbootlog4jmongodb/</a></p> <p> </p>