Android 自定义RecyclerView 实现真正的Gallery效果

sunqichang 9年前

Google官方最近新增加的RecyclerView,据说是ListView的升级版本,本篇博客,首先介绍RecyclerView的用法,然后经行一定的分析;最后自定义一下RecyclerView实现我们需要的相册效果。

1、RecyclerView的基本用法

首先主Activity的布局文件:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"      xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"      android:layout_width="match_parent"      android:layout_height="match_parent" >      <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView          android:id="@+id/id_recyclerview_horizontal"          android:layout_width="match_parent"          android:layout_height="120dp"          android:layout_centerVertical="true"          android:background="#FF0000"          android:scrollbars="none" />  </RelativeLayout>

Item的布局文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"      android:layout_width="120dp"      android:layout_height="120dp"      android:background="@drawable/item_bg02" >      <ImageView          android:id="@+id/id_index_gallery_item_image"          android:layout_width="80dp"          android:layout_height="80dp"          android:layout_alignParentTop="true"          android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"          android:layout_margin="5dp"          android:scaleType="centerCrop" />      <TextView          android:id="@+id/id_index_gallery_item_text"          android:layout_width="wrap_content"          android:layout_height="wrap_content"          android:layout_below="@id/id_index_gallery_item_image"          android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"          android:layout_marginBottom="5dp"          android:layout_marginTop="5dp"          android:textColor="#ff0000"          android:text="some info"          android:textSize="12dp" />  </RelativeLayout>

数据适配器:

package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview03;  import java.util.List;  import android.content.Context;  import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;  import android.view.LayoutInflater;  import android.view.View;  import android.view.ViewGroup;  import android.widget.ImageView;  import android.widget.TextView;  public class GalleryAdapter extends          RecyclerView.Adapter<GalleryAdapter.ViewHolder>  {      private LayoutInflater mInflater;      private List<Integer> mDatas;      public GalleryAdapter(Context context, List<Integer> datats)      {          mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);          mDatas = datats;      }      public static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder      {          public ViewHolder(View arg0)          {              super(arg0);          }          ImageView mImg;          TextView mTxt;      }      @Override      public int getItemCount()      {          return mDatas.size();      }      /**       * 创建ViewHolder       */      @Override      public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup viewGroup, int i)      {          View view = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.activity_index_gallery_item,                  viewGroup, false);          ViewHolder viewHolder = new ViewHolder(view);          viewHolder.mImg = (ImageView) view                  .findViewById(R.id.id_index_gallery_item_image);          return viewHolder;      }      /**       * 设置值       */      @Override      public void onBindViewHolder(final ViewHolder viewHolder, final int i)      {          viewHolder.mImg.setImageResource(mDatas.get(i));      }  }

可以看到数据适配器与BaseAdapter比较发生了相当大的变化,主要有3个方法:

getItemCount 这个不用说,获取总的条目数

onCreateViewHolder 创建ViewHolder

onBindViewHolder 将数据绑定至ViewHolder

可见,RecyclerView对ViewHolder也进行了一定的封装,但是如果你仔细观察,你会发出一个疑问,ListView里面有个getView返回View为Item的布局,那么这个Item的样子在哪控制?

其实是这样的,我们创建的ViewHolder必须继承RecyclerView.ViewHolder,这个RecyclerView.ViewHolder的构造时必须传入一个View,这个View相当于我们ListView getView中的convertView (即:我们需要inflate的item布局需要传入)。

还有一点,ListView中convertView是复用的,在RecyclerView中,是把ViewHolder作为缓存的单位了,然后convertView作为ViewHolder的成员变量保持在ViewHolder中,也就是说,假设没有屏幕显示10个条目,则会创建10个ViewHolder缓存起来,每次复用的是ViewHolder,所以他把getView这个方法变为了onCreateViewHolder。有兴趣的自己打印下Log,测试下。

最后在Activity中使用:

package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview03;  import java.util.ArrayList;  import java.util.Arrays;  import java.util.List;  import android.app.Activity;  import android.os.Bundle;  import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;  import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;  import android.view.Window;  public class MainActivity extends Activity  {      private RecyclerView mRecyclerView;      private GalleryAdapter mAdapter;      private List<Integer> mDatas;                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  @Override      protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)      {          super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);          requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);          setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);                                                                                                                                                    initDatas();          //得到控件          mRecyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.id_recyclerview_horizontal);          //设置布局管理器          LinearLayoutManager linearLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);          linearLayoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);          mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(linearLayoutManager);          //设置适配器          mAdapter = new GalleryAdapter(this, mDatas);          mRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);                                                                                                                                                }      private void initDatas()      {          mDatas = new ArrayList<Integer>(Arrays.asList(R.drawable.a,                  R.drawable.b, R.drawable.c, R.drawable.d, R.drawable.e,                  R.drawable.f, R.drawable.g, R.drawable.h, R.drawable.l));      }  }

使用起来也很方便,唯一的区别就是要设置LayoutManager,目前只有一个实现类,就是LinearLayoutManager,可以设置为水平或者垂直。

最后效果图:

效果很不错,这就是RecyclerView的基本用法了,但是你会发现一个坑爹的地方,竟然没有提供setOnItemClickListener这个回调,要不要这么坑爹。。。

2、为RecyclerView添加OnItemClickListener回调

虽然它没有提供,但是添加个OnItemClickListener对我们来说还不是小菜一碟~

我决定在Adapter中添加这个回调接口:

package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview03;  import java.util.List;  import android.content.Context;  import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;  import android.view.LayoutInflater;  import android.view.View;  import android.view.View.OnClickListener;  import android.view.ViewGroup;  import android.widget.ImageView;  import android.widget.TextView;  public class GalleryAdapter extends          RecyclerView.Adapter<GalleryAdapter.ViewHolder>  {      /**       * ItemClick的回调接口       * @author zhy       *       */      public interface OnItemClickLitener      {          void onItemClick(View view, int position);      }      private OnItemClickLitener mOnItemClickLitener;      public void setOnItemClickLitener(OnItemClickLitener mOnItemClickLitener)      {          this.mOnItemClickLitener = mOnItemClickLitener;      }      private LayoutInflater mInflater;      private List<Integer> mDatas;      public GalleryAdapter(Context context, List<Integer> datats)      {          mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);          mDatas = datats;      }      public static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder      {          public ViewHolder(View arg0)          {              super(arg0);          }          ImageView mImg;          TextView mTxt;      }      @Override      public int getItemCount()      {          return mDatas.size();      }      @Override      public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup viewGroup, int i)      {          View view = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.activity_index_gallery_item,                  viewGroup, false);          ViewHolder viewHolder = new ViewHolder(view);          viewHolder.mImg = (ImageView) view                  .findViewById(R.id.id_index_gallery_item_image);          return viewHolder;      }      @Override      public void onBindViewHolder(final ViewHolder viewHolder, final int i)      {          viewHolder.mImg.setImageResource(mDatas.get(i));          //如果设置了回调,则设置点击事件          if (mOnItemClickLitener != null)          {              viewHolder.itemView.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener()              {                  @Override                  public void onClick(View v)                  {                      mOnItemClickLitener.onItemClick(viewHolder.itemView, i);                  }              });          }      }  }

很简单,创建一个接口,提供一个设置入口,然后在onBindViewHolder中判断即可。

最后在主Activity中设置监听:

mAdapter = new GalleryAdapter(this, mDatas);  mAdapter.setOnItemClickLitener(new OnItemClickLitener()  {      @Override      public void onItemClick(View view, int position)      {          Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, position+"", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)                  .show();      }  });  mRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);

好了,这样就行了,看效果图:


效果还是不错的,接下来我想改成相册效果,即上面显示一张大图,下面的RecyclerView做为图片切换的指示器。

3、自定义RecyclerView实现滚动时内容联动

首先修改下布局:

布局文件:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"      xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"      android:layout_width="match_parent"      android:layout_height="match_parent"      android:orientation="vertical" >      <FrameLayout          android:layout_width="fill_parent"          android:layout_height="0dp"          android:layout_weight="1" >          <ImageView              android:id="@+id/id_content"              android:layout_width="fill_parent"              android:layout_height="fill_parent"              android:layout_gravity="center"              android:layout_margin="10dp"              android:scaleType="centerCrop"              android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />      </FrameLayout>      <com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview03.MyRecyclerView          android:id="@+id/id_recyclerview_horizontal"          android:layout_width="match_parent"          android:layout_height="120dp"          android:layout_gravity="bottom"          android:background="#FF0000"          android:scrollbars="none" />  </LinearLayout>

添加一个显示大图的区域,把RecyclerView改为自己定义的。

然后看我们自定义RecyclerView的代码:

package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview03;  import android.content.Context;  import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;  import android.util.AttributeSet;  import android.view.MotionEvent;  import android.view.View;  public class CopyOfMyRecyclerView extends RecyclerView  {      public CopyOfMyRecyclerView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs)      {          super(context, attrs);      }      private View mCurrentView;      /**       * 滚动时回调的接口       */      private OnItemScrollChangeListener mItemScrollChangeListener;      public void setOnItemScrollChangeListener(              OnItemScrollChangeListener mItemScrollChangeListener)      {          this.mItemScrollChangeListener = mItemScrollChangeListener;      }      public interface OnItemScrollChangeListener      {          void onChange(View view, int position);      }      @Override      protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b)      {          super.onLayout(changed, l, t, r, b);          mCurrentView = getChildAt(0);          if (mItemScrollChangeListener != null)          {              mItemScrollChangeListener.onChange(mCurrentView,                      getChildPosition(mCurrentView));          }      }      @Override      public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent e)      {          if (e.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE)          {              mCurrentView = getChildAt(0);              // Log.e("TAG", getChildPosition(getChildAt(0)) + "");              if (mItemScrollChangeListener != null)              {                  mItemScrollChangeListener.onChange(mCurrentView,                          getChildPosition(mCurrentView));              }          }          return super.onTouchEvent(e);      }  }

定义了一个滚动时回调的接口,然后在onTouchEvent中,监听ACTION_MOVE,用户手指滑动时,不断把当前第一个View回调回去~

关于我咋知道getChildAt(0)和getChildPosition()可用,起初我以为有getFirstVisibleItem这个方法,后来发现么有;但是发现了getRecycledViewPool()看名字我觉得是Viewholder那个缓存队列,我想那么直接取这个队列的第一个不就是我要的View么,后来没有成功。我就观察它内部的View,最后发现,第一个显示的始终是它第一个child,至于getChildPosition这个看方法就看出来了。

现在的效果:



和我之前那个例子的效果是一模一样的,不过,我还想做一些改变,我觉得Gallery或者说相册的指示器,下面可能1000来张图片,我不仅喜欢手指在屏幕上滑动时,图片会自动切换。我还希望,如果我给指示器一个加速度,即使手指离开,下面还在滑动,上面也会联动 。而且我还想做些优化,直接在ACTION_MOVE中回调,触发的频率太高了,理论上一张图片只会触发一次~~

4、优化与打造真正的Gallery效果

既然希望手指离开还能联动,那么不仅需要ACTION_MOVE需要监听,还得监听一个加速度,速度到达一定值,然后继续移动~~再理一理,需要这么麻烦么,不是能滚动么,那么应该有OnScrollListener啊,小看一把,果然有,哈哈哈~天助我也,下面看修改后的代码:

package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview03;  import android.content.Context;  import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;  import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView.OnScrollListener;  import android.util.AttributeSet;  import android.view.View;  public class MyRecyclerView extends RecyclerView implements OnScrollListener  {      /**       * 记录当前第一个View       */      private View mCurrentView;      private OnItemScrollChangeListener mItemScrollChangeListener;      public void setOnItemScrollChangeListener(              OnItemScrollChangeListener mItemScrollChangeListener)      {          this.mItemScrollChangeListener = mItemScrollChangeListener;      }      public interface OnItemScrollChangeListener      {          void onChange(View view, int position);      }      public MyRecyclerView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs)      {          super(context, attrs);          // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub          this.setOnScrollListener(this);      }      @Override      protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b)      {          super.onLayout(changed, l, t, r, b);          mCurrentView = getChildAt(0);          if (mItemScrollChangeListener != null)          {              mItemScrollChangeListener.onChange(mCurrentView,                      getChildPosition(mCurrentView));          }      }      @Override      public void onScrollStateChanged(int arg0)      {      }      /**       *       * 滚动时,判断当前第一个View是否发生变化,发生才回调       */      @Override      public void onScrolled(int arg0, int arg1)      {          View newView = getChildAt(0);          if (mItemScrollChangeListener != null)          {              if (newView != null && newView != mCurrentView)              {                  mCurrentView = newView ;                  mItemScrollChangeListener.onChange(mCurrentView,                          getChildPosition(mCurrentView));              }          }      }  }

我放弃了重写onTouchEvent方法,而是让这个类实现RecyclerView.OnScrollListener接口,然后设置监听,在onScrolled里面进行判断。

至于优化:我使用了一个成员变化存储当前第一个View,只有第一个View发生变化时才回调~~太完美了~

看MainActivity:

package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview03;  import java.util.ArrayList;  import java.util.Arrays;  import java.util.List;  import android.app.Activity;  import android.os.Bundle;  import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;  import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;  import android.view.View;  import android.view.Window;  import android.widget.ImageView;  import android.widget.Toast;  import com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview03.GalleryAdapter.OnItemClickLitener;  import com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview03.MyRecyclerView.OnItemScrollChangeListener;  public class MainActivity extends Activity  {      private MyRecyclerView mRecyclerView;      private GalleryAdapter mAdapter;      private List<Integer> mDatas;      private ImageView mImg ;                                                                                                                                                                                  @Override      protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)      {          super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);          requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);          setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);                                                                                                    mImg = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.id_content);          mDatas = new ArrayList<Integer>(Arrays.asList(R.drawable.a,                  R.drawable.b, R.drawable.c, R.drawable.d, R.drawable.e,                  R.drawable.f, R.drawable.g, R.drawable.h, R.drawable.l));          mRecyclerView = (MyRecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.id_recyclerview_horizontal);          LinearLayoutManager linearLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);          linearLayoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);          mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(linearLayoutManager);          mAdapter = new GalleryAdapter(this, mDatas);          mRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);          mRecyclerView.setOnItemScrollChangeListener(new OnItemScrollChangeListener()          {              @Override              public void onChange(View view, int position)              {                  mImg.setImageResource(mDatas.get(position));              };          });                                                                                                    mAdapter.setOnItemClickLitener(new OnItemClickLitener()          {              @Override              public void onItemClick(View view, int position)              {  //              Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), position + "", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)  //                      .show();                  mImg.setImageResource(mDatas.get(position));              }          });      }  }

代码没什么变化~多了个设置回调~

效果图:


可以看到不仅支持手机在上面移动时的变化,如果我给了一个加速度,下面持续滚动,上面也会持续变化~~大赞~每张图片回调一次,效率也相当不错。


好了,看完这边博客,相信大家对于RecyclerView有了一定的认识,甚至对于如何改造一个控件也多了一份了解~~


如果觉得不错,就留个言或者点个赞,表示对我的支持


源码点击下载  转自 :http://blog.csdn.net/lmj623565791/article/details/38173061