Postgres-X2部署步骤

Postgre2015大象会，大家都很关注PostgreSQL的集群，目前，开发人员已经转向Postgres-X2，近期根据自己和同事部署xl的过程部署了一下Postgres-X2。本次部署试验是利用pgxc_ctl部署的，更加灵活的部署集群。

1、整体概括：

    一共四个节点，一个gtm，一个coordinator，两个datanode。

a. GTM节点          IP:192.168.238.129          nodename:gtm          port:6666      b.coordinator          IP:192.168.238.130          nodename:coord1          port:5432          pooler_port:6668      c.datanode1          IP:192.168.238.131          nodename:datanode1          port:15432          pooler_port:6669      d.datanode2          IP:192.168.238.132          nodename:datanode2          port:15432          pooler_port:6669

2、准备工作(不特别指明，四个节点做相同的操作)：

    a.编译安装pgx2，同时编译contrib。

./configure --prefix=/opt/pgx2  make; make install  cd contrib  make; make install

    b.建立用户postgres，将安装目录属主赋给postgres。

chown -R postgres:postgres pgx2

    c.配置ssh连接

[postgres@localhost~]# ssh-keygen  Generating public/private rsa key pair.  Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):   Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):   Enter same passphrase again:   Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.  Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.  The key fingerprint is:  ea:c9:48:2d:dc:0d:ab:9b:3d:99:cb:bd:db:3b:ba:fa root@localhost.localdomain  The key's randomart image is:  +--[ RSA 2048]----+  |                 |  |                 |  |                 |  |                 |  |      . S        |  |   . o =         |  |    + =o.        |  |   . X+o ..      |  |    =.O=E=oo     |  +-----------------+  [postgres@localhost~]#

cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys    vi /etc/hosts  192.168.238.129 localhost.localdomain    --分发密钥，gtm节点向其他节点分发  scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys postgres@192.168.238.130  scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys postgres@192.168.238.131  scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys postgres@192.168.238.132

    d.配置环境变量

[postgres@localhost ~]$ cat .bashrc   # .bashrc    # Source global definitions  if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then   . /etc/bashrc  fi    export PGHOME=/opt/pgx2/  export PGUSER=postgres  export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PGHOME/lib  export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PATH    # User specific aliases and functions  [postgres@localhost ~]$

建议：

在ssh连接时效率很慢，可以用ssh -v进行检测，这里就不做说明了。    修改/etc/ssh/sshd_config中的GSSAPIAuthentication和UseDNS为no就可提高ssh连接速度。

为了方便起见我将所有节点的iptables关闭，大家可自行配置。

3、部署节点

    a.配置pgxc_ctl.conf

--在/home/postgres/pgxc_ctl下    --conf内容  cat pgxc_ctl.conf  #user and path  pgxcOwner=postgres  pgxcUser=$pgxcOwner  pgxcInstallDir=/opt/pgx2    #gtm and gtmproxy  gtmMasterDir=$HOME/pgxc/nodes/gtm  gtmMasterPort=6666  gtmMasterServer=192.168.238.129  gtmSlave=n    #gtmproxy  gtmProxy=n  gtmProxyDir=$HOME/pgxc/nodes/coord  gtmProxyNames=(gtm_pxy1)  gtmProxyServers=(192.168.238.130)  gtmProxyPorts=(20001)  gtmProxyDirs=($gtmProxyDir/gtm_pxy1)  gtmPxyExtraConfig=(none)  gtmPxySpecificExtraConfig=(none)    #coordinator  coordMasterDir=$HOME/pgxc/nodes/coord  coordNames=(coord1)  coordPorts=(5432)  poolerPorts=(6668)  coordPgHbaEntries=(192.168.238.0/24)  coordMasterServers=(192.168.238.130)  coordMasterDirs=($coordMasterDir/coord1)  coordMaxWALsernder=0  coordMaxWALSenders=($coordMaxWALsernder)  coordSlave=n  coordSpecificExtraConfig=(none)  coordSpecificExtraPgHba=(none)    #datanode  datanodeNames=(datanode1 datanode2)  datanodePorts=(15432 15432)  datanodePoolerPorts=(6669 6669)  datanodePgHbaEntries=(192.168.238.0/24)  datanodeMasterServers=(192.168.238.131 192.168.238.132)  datanodeMasterDir=$HOME/pgxc/nodes/dn_master  datanodeMasterDirs=($datanodeMasterDir/datanode1 $datanodeMasterDir/datanode2)  datanodeMaxWALsernder=0  datanodeMaxWALSenders=($datanodeMaxWALsernder $datanodeMaxWALsernder)  datanodeSlave=n  primaryDatanode=datanode1  datanodeSpecificExtraConfig=(none none)  datanodeSpecificExtraPgHba=(none none)

    b.利用pgxc_ctl部署节点

pgxc_ctl init all    [postgres@localhost ~]$ pgxc_ctl init all  Installing pgxc_ctl_bash script as /home/postgres/pgxc_ctl/pgxc_ctl_bash.  Installing pgxc_ctl_bash script as /home/postgres/pgxc_ctl/pgxc_ctl_bash.  Reading configuration using /home/postgres/pgxc_ctl/pgxc_ctl_bash --home /home/postgres/pgxc_ctl --configuration /home/postgres/pgxc_ctl/pgxc_ctl.conf  Finished to read configuration.     ******** PGXC_CTL START ***************    Current directory: /home/postgres/pgxc_ctl  Initialize GTM master  The files belonging to this GTM system will be owned by user "postgres".  This user must also own the server process.      fixing permissions on existing directory /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/gtm ... ok  creating configuration files ... ok    Success. You can now start the GTM server using:        gtm -D /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/gtm  or      gtm_ctl -Z gtm -D /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/gtm -l logfile start    waiting for server to shut down... done  server stopped  Done.  Start GTM master  gtm_ctl: PID file "/home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/gtm/gtm.pid" does not exist  Is server running?  server starting  Initialize all the coordinator masters.  Initialize coordinator master coord1.  The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".  This user must also own the server process.    The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.UTF-8".  The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".  The default text search configuration will be set to "english".    Data page checksums are disabled.    fixing permissions on existing directory /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/coord/coord1 ... ok  creating subdirectories ... ok  selecting default max_connections ... 100  selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB  creating configuration files ... ok  creating template1 database in /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/coord/coord1/base/1 ... ok  initializing pg_authid ... ok  initializing dependencies ... ok  creating system views ... ok  creating cluster information ... ok  loading system objects' descriptions ... ok  creating collations ... ok  creating conversions ... ok  creating dictionaries ... ok  setting privileges on built-in objects ... ok  creating information schema ... ok  loading PL/pgSQL server-side language ... ok  vacuuming database template1 ... ok  copying template1 to template0 ... ok  copying template1 to postgres ... ok  syncing data to disk ... ok  freezing database template0 ... ok  freezing database template1 ... ok  freezing database postgres ... ok    WARNING: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections  You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or  --auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.    Success.   You can now start the database server of the Postgres-XC coordinator using:        postgres --coordinator -D /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/coord/coord1  or      pg_ctl start -D /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/coord/coord1 -Z coordinator -l logfile     You can now start the database server of the Postgres-XC datanode using:        postgres --datanode -D /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/coord/coord1  or       pg_ctl start -D /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/coord/coord1 -Z datanode -l logfile    Done.  Starting coordinator master.  Starting coordinator master coord1  Done.  Initialize all the datanode masters.  Initialize the datanode master datanode1.  Initialize the datanode master datanode2.  The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".  This user must also own the server process.    The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.UTF-8".  The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".  The default text search configuration will be set to "english".    Data page checksums are disabled.    fixing permissions on existing directory /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/dn_master/datanode1 ... ok  creating subdirectories ... ok  selecting default max_connections ... 100  selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB  creating configuration files ... ok  creating template1 database in /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/dn_master/datanode1/base/1 ... ok  initializing pg_authid ... ok  initializing dependencies ... ok  creating system views ... ok  creating cluster information ... ok  loading system objects' descriptions ... ok  creating collations ... ok  creating conversions ... ok  creating dictionaries ... ok  setting privileges on built-in objects ... ok  creating information schema ... ok  loading PL/pgSQL server-side language ... ok  vacuuming database template1 ... ok  copying template1 to template0 ... ok  copying template1 to postgres ... ok  syncing data to disk ... ok  freezing database template0 ... ok  freezing database template1 ... ok  freezing database postgres ... ok    WARNING: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections  You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or  --auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.    Success.   You can now start the database server of the Postgres-XC coordinator using:        postgres --coordinator -D /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/dn_master/datanode1  or      pg_ctl start -D /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/dn_master/datanode1 -Z coordinator -l logfile     You can now start the database server of the Postgres-XC datanode using:        postgres --datanode -D /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/dn_master/datanode1  or       pg_ctl start -D /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/dn_master/datanode1 -Z datanode -l logfile    The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".  This user must also own the server process.    The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.UTF-8".  The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".  The default text search configuration will be set to "english".    Data page checksums are disabled.    fixing permissions on existing directory /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/dn_master/datanode2 ... ok  creating subdirectories ... ok  selecting default max_connections ... 100  selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB  creating configuration files ... ok  creating template1 database in /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/dn_master/datanode2/base/1 ... ok  initializing pg_authid ... ok  initializing dependencies ... ok  creating system views ... ok  creating cluster information ... ok  loading system objects' descriptions ... ok  creating collations ... ok  creating conversions ... ok  creating dictionaries ... ok  setting privileges on built-in objects ... ok  creating information schema ... ok  loading PL/pgSQL server-side language ... ok  vacuuming database template1 ... ok  copying template1 to template0 ... ok  copying template1 to postgres ... ok  syncing data to disk ... ok  freezing database template0 ... ok  freezing database template1 ... ok  freezing database postgres ... ok    WARNING: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections  You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or  --auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.    Success.   You can now start the database server of the Postgres-XC coordinator using:        postgres --coordinator -D /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/dn_master/datanode2  or      pg_ctl start -D /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/dn_master/datanode2 -Z coordinator -l logfile     You can now start the database server of the Postgres-XC datanode using:        postgres --datanode -D /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/dn_master/datanode2  or       pg_ctl start -D /home/postgres/pgxc/nodes/dn_master/datanode2 -Z datanode -l logfile    Done.  Starting all the datanode masters.  Starting datanode master datanode1.  Starting datanode master datanode2.  Done.  ALTER NODE coord1 WITH (HOST='192.168.238.130', PORT=5432);  ALTER NODE  CREATE NODE datanode1 WITH (TYPE='datanode', HOST='192.168.238.131', PORT=15432, PRIMARY);  CREATE NODE  CREATE NODE datanode2 WITH (TYPE='datanode', HOST='192.168.238.132', PORT=15432);  CREATE NODE  Done.

4、运行演示

[postgres@localhost ~]$ psql -h 192.168.238.130 -p 5432 -d postgres -U postgres  psql (PGXC 1.3devel, based on PG 9.4beta1)  Type "help" for help.    postgres=# create table test(id int, name text) distribute by replication;  CREATE TABLE  postgres=# insert into test values (1,'wang'),(2,'shuo');  INSERT 0 2  postgres=# select * from test;   id | name   ----+------    1 | wang    2 | shuo  (2 rows)    postgres=# \q  [postgres@localhost ~]$ psql -h 192.168.238.131 -p 15432 -d postgres -U postgres   psql (PGXC 1.3devel, based on PG 9.4beta1)  Type "help" for help.    postgres=# select * from test;   id | name   ----+------    1 | wang    2 | shuo  (2 rows)    postgres=# \q  [postgres@localhost ~]$ psql -h 192.168.238.132 -p 15432 -d postgres -U postgres   psql (PGXC 1.3devel, based on PG 9.4beta1)  Type "help" for help.    postgres=# select * from test;   id | name   ----+------    1 | wang    2 | shuo  (2 rows)    postgres=#

总结：

相较于手动部署，利用pgxc_ctl部署效率以及正确率是非常高的，欢迎大家尝试。

来自：http://my.oschina.net/Suregogo/blog/536537