Android 实现个性的ViewPager切换动画 实战PageTransformer(兼容Android3.0以下)

jopen 9年前

原文出处: 【张鸿洋的博客】  

1、概述

之前写过一篇博文:Android 自定义 ViewPager 打造千变万化的图片切换效果。有兄弟提出,ViewPager自带了一个setPageTransformer用于设置切换动画~

本篇博文,将:

1、介绍如何使用setPageTransformer设置切换动画;

2、自定义PageTransformer实现个性的切换动画;

3、该方法在SDK11以下的版本不起作用,我们会对其做一定修改,让其向下兼容。

官方示例地址:http://developer.android.com/training/animation/screen-slide.html 有兴趣的可以去看看~~

好了,下面开始编写代码~~

2、setPageTransformer的使用

首先我们迅速的实现一个传统的ViewPager效果~

1、布局文件

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"      xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"      android:layout_width="match_parent"      android:layout_height="match_parent" >        <android.support.v4.view.ViewPager          android:id="@+id/id_viewpager"          android:layout_width="fill_parent"          android:layout_height="fill_parent" />    </RelativeLayout>

2、MainActivity

package com.zhy.demo_zhy_08_viewpageranim;    import java.util.ArrayList;  import java.util.List;    import android.app.Activity;  import android.os.Bundle;  import android.support.v4.view.PagerAdapter;  import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;  import android.view.View;  import android.view.ViewGroup;  import android.view.Window;  import android.widget.ImageView;  import android.widget.ImageView.ScaleType;    public class MainActivity extends Activity  {   private ViewPager mViewPager;   private int[] mImgIds = new int[] { R.drawable.guide_image1,     R.drawable.guide_image2, R.drawable.guide_image3 };   private List<ImageView> mImageViews = new ArrayList<ImageView>();     @Override   protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)   {    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);      requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);      initData();      mViewPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.id_viewpager);      mViewPager.setAdapter(new PagerAdapter()    {     @Override     public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position)     {        container.addView(mImageViews.get(position));      return mImageViews.get(position);     }       @Override     public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position,       Object object)     {        container.removeView(mImageViews.get(position));     }       @Override     public boolean isViewFromObject(View view, Object object)     {      return view == object;     }       @Override     public int getCount()     {      return mImgIds.length;     }    });     }     private void initData()   {    for (int imgId : mImgIds)    {     ImageView imageView = new ImageView(getApplicationContext());     imageView.setScaleType(ScaleType.CENTER_CROP);     imageView.setImageResource(imgId);     mImageViews.add(imageView);    }   }    }

好了,这样一个传统ViewPager就实现了~~大家对上面代码应该不会有任何陌生的感觉~运行效果也不用贴图了,大家肯定知道~~

3、PageTransformer

ViewPager有个方法叫做:

setPageTransformer(boolean reverseDrawingOrder, PageTransformer transformer) 用于设置ViewPager切换时的动画效果,并且google官方还给出了两个示例。

只需要在上述代码中调用setPageTransformer即可添加切换动画效果~~下面演示google的两个PageTransformer的代码,以及运行效果。

1、DepthPageTransformer

public class DepthPageTransformer implements ViewPager.PageTransformer {      private static final float MIN_SCALE = 0.75f;        public void transformPage(View view, float position) {          int pageWidth = view.getWidth();            if (position < -1) { // [-Infinity,-1)              // This page is way off-screen to the left.              view.setAlpha(0);            } else if (position <= 0) { // [-1,0]              // Use the default slide transition when moving to the left page              view.setAlpha(1);              view.setTranslationX(0);              view.setScaleX(1);              view.setScaleY(1);            } else if (position <= 1) { // (0,1]              // Fade the page out.              view.setAlpha(1 - position);                // Counteract the default slide transition              view.setTranslationX(pageWidth * -position);                // Scale the page down (between MIN_SCALE and 1)              float scaleFactor = MIN_SCALE                      + (1 - MIN_SCALE) * (1 - Math.abs(position));              view.setScaleX(scaleFactor);              view.setScaleY(scaleFactor);            } else { // (1,+Infinity]              // This page is way off-screen to the right.              view.setAlpha(0);          }      }  }

调用代码:

mViewPager.setPageTransformer(true, new DepthPageTransformer());

效果:

2、ZoomOutPageTransformer

package com.zhy.view;    import android.annotation.SuppressLint;  import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;  import android.util.Log;  import android.view.View;    public class ZoomOutPageTransformer implements ViewPager.PageTransformer  {   private static final float MIN_SCALE = 0.85f;   private static final float MIN_ALPHA = 0.5f;     @SuppressLint("NewApi")   public void transformPage(View view, float position)   {    int pageWidth = view.getWidth();    int pageHeight = view.getHeight();      Log.e("TAG", view + " , " + position + "");      if (position < -1)    { // [-Infinity,-1)     // This page is way off-screen to the left.     view.setAlpha(0);      } else if (position <= 1) //a页滑动至b页 ; a页从 0.0 -1 ;b页从1 ~ 0.0    { // [-1,1]     // Modify the default slide transition to shrink the page as well     float scaleFactor = Math.max(MIN_SCALE, 1 - Math.abs(position));     float vertMargin = pageHeight * (1 - scaleFactor) / 2;     float horzMargin = pageWidth * (1 - scaleFactor) / 2;     if (position < 0)     {      view.setTranslationX(horzMargin - vertMargin / 2);     } else     {      view.setTranslationX(-horzMargin + vertMargin / 2);     }       // Scale the page down (between MIN_SCALE and 1)     view.setScaleX(scaleFactor);     view.setScaleY(scaleFactor);       // Fade the page relative to its size.     view.setAlpha(MIN_ALPHA + (scaleFactor - MIN_SCALE)       / (1 - MIN_SCALE) * (1 - MIN_ALPHA));      } else    { // (1,+Infinity]     // This page is way off-screen to the right.     view.setAlpha(0);    }   }  }

调用代码:

mViewPager.setPageTransformer(true, new ZoomOutPageTransformer());

效果:

效果图都是google官网上的,我们的测试图会在兼容3.0以下贴出来,不然就重复了~~

为ViewPager添加切换就一行代码是不是很happy,可惜是不兼容3.0以下的版本的,该方法的注释上写到:

setting a PageTransformer prior to Android 3.0 (API 11) will have no effect 在3.0之前的版本设置此方法是没有效果的,那么下面我们就看如何让其兼容3.0以下版本。

3、版本的向下兼容

1、不兼容的原因

首先看下为什么不兼容,3.0以下呢?

看上面的两个示例代码,代码中View的动画使用的是属性动画,而属性动画是3.0才推出的,那么这么写肯定是不兼容3.0以下了~

那么我们首先引入nineoldandroids,让动画先能在3.0以下跑再说:

修改DepthPageTransformer

package com.zhy.view;    import com.nineoldandroids.view.ViewHelper;    import android.annotation.SuppressLint;  import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;  import android.view.View;    public class DepthPageTransformer implements ViewPager.PageTransformer  {   private static final float MIN_SCALE = 0.75f;     public void transformPage(View view, float position)   {    int pageWidth = view.getWidth();      if (position < -1)    { // [-Infinity,-1)     // This page is way off-screen to the left.     // view.setAlpha(0);     ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, 0);    } else if (position <= 0)// a页滑动至b页 ; a页从 0.0 -1 ;b页从1 ~ 0.0    { // [-1,0]     // Use the default slide transition when moving to the left page     // view.setAlpha(1);     ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, 1);     // view.setTranslationX(0);     ViewHelper.setTranslationX(view, 0);     // view.setScaleX(1);     ViewHelper.setScaleX(view, 1);     // view.setScaleY(1);     ViewHelper.setScaleY(view, 1);      } else if (position <= 1)    { // (0,1]     // Fade the page out.     // view.setAlpha(1 - position);     ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, 1 - position);       // Counteract the default slide transition     // view.setTranslationX(pageWidth * -position);     ViewHelper.setTranslationX(view, pageWidth * -position);       // Scale the page down (between MIN_SCALE and 1)     float scaleFactor = MIN_SCALE + (1 - MIN_SCALE) * (1 - position);     // view.setScaleX(scaleFactor);     ViewHelper.setScaleX(view, scaleFactor);     // view.setScaleY(1);     ViewHelper.setScaleY(view, scaleFactor);      } else    { // (1,+Infinity]     // This page is way off-screen to the right.     // view.setAlpha(0);     ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, 1);    }   }  }

很简单,把所有属性动画换成ViewHelper去设置就好了。现在我们去3.0以下的机子上去运行,发现还是没有效果~~~

为什么呢?

我们再去看看setPageTransformer的源码:

 public void setPageTransformer(boolean reverseDrawingOrder, PageTransformer transformer) {          if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 11) {              final boolean hasTransformer = transformer != null;              final boolean needsPopulate = hasTransformer != (mPageTransformer != null);              mPageTransformer = transformer;              setChildrenDrawingOrderEnabledCompat(hasTransformer);              if (hasTransformer) {                  mDrawingOrder = reverseDrawingOrder ? DRAW_ORDER_REVERSE : DRAW_ORDER_FORWARD;              } else {                  mDrawingOrder = DRAW_ORDER_DEFAULT;              }              if (needsPopulate) populate();          }      }

终于发现原因了,原来在此方法内部判断了如果是11以上的版本才让动画生效~~

 

public void setPageTransformer(boolean reverseDrawingOrder, ViewPager.PageTransformer transformer) {  //        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 11)           {              final boolean hasTransformer = transformer != null;              final boolean needsPopulate = hasTransformer != (mPageTransformer != null);              mPageTransformer = transformer;              setChildrenDrawingOrderEnabledCompat(hasTransformer);              if (hasTransformer) {                  mDrawingOrder = reverseDrawingOrder ? DRAW_ORDER_REVERSE : DRAW_ORDER_FORWARD;              } else {                  mDrawingOrder = DRAW_ORDER_DEFAULT;              }              if (needsPopulate) populate();          }      }

那么,没办法了,如果想兼容,必须修改ViewPager的源码了~~

2、完美向下兼容

我们将ViewPager的源码拷贝一份至我们的项目中,修改名称为ViewPagerCompat;然后注释掉SDK版本判断那一句

public class ViewPagerCompat extends ViewGroup {  public void setPageTransformer(boolean reverseDrawingOrder, ViewPager.PageTransformer transformer) {    //        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 11)             {                final boolean hasTransformer = transformer != null;                final boolean needsPopulate = hasTransformer != (mPageTransformer != null);                mPageTransformer = transformer;                setChildrenDrawingOrderEnabledCompat(hasTransformer);                if (hasTransformer) {                    mDrawingOrder = reverseDrawingOrder ? DRAW_ORDER_REVERSE : DRAW_ORDER_FORWARD;                } else {                    mDrawingOrder = DRAW_ORDER_DEFAULT;                }                if (needsPopulate) populate();            }        }    ...  }

注意,所有的PageTransformer使用ViewPager.PageTransformer

然后我们把项目中的ViewPager改为ViewPagerCompat;记得修改布局文件,以及MainActivity中的ViewPager为ViewPagerCompat

我们在2.3.3的模拟器上测试下效果:

可以看到,我们的切换动画完美的运行在2.3.3的机器上~~so happy ~~没有ViewPager源码的童鞋不要紧,我会在文末的源码下载中加入ViewPager源码,让你可以尽情去测试~~

当然了,仅仅是兼容当然不能满足我们的好奇心,难道我们做到了兼容,还只能使用Google给的示例动画么~~我们强大的创新呢~~下面带领大家分析setPageTransformer方法,然后设计一个个性的动画切换效果

4、自定义PageTransformer实现个性切换动画

 public interface PageTransformer {          /**           * Apply a property transformation to the given page.           *           * @param page Apply the transformation to this page           * @param position Position of page relative to the current front-and-center           *                 position of the pager. 0 is front and center. 1 is one full           *                 page position to the right, and -1 is one page position to the left.           */          public void transformPage(View page, float position);      }

可以看到该接口只有一个方法,第一个是我们的view,第二个是position~~

当我们滑动时:会打印出当然ViewPager中存活的每个View以及它们的position的变化~~注意是每一个,所以建议别只log position,不然你会觉得莫名其妙的输出~~

position的可能性的值有,其实从官方示例的注释就能看出:

[-Infinity,-1) 已经看不到了

(1,+Infinity] 已经看不到了

[-1,1]

重点看[-1,1]这个区间 , 其他两个的View都已经看不到了~~

假设现在ViewPager在A页现在滑出B页,则:

A页的position变化就是( 0, -1]

B页的position变化就是[ 1 , 0 ]

知道了我们滑动时position的变化~~那么就开始设计我们的个性的切换效果;

官方给的例子,有变化透明度、偏移量、缩放的,我们准备来个不一样的,我们变化角度,即rotation;

大概的效果是这样的:

下面我们分析代码:

我们设置View的旋转中心为:

ViewHelper.setPivotX(view, view.getMeasuredWidth() * 0.5f);
ViewHelper.setPivotY(view, view.getMeasuredHeight());

依然是ViewPager在A页现在滑出B页

那么A页应当在滑动过程中0度到-20度的偏移,B页应当在滑动过程中+20度到0度的偏移

结合

A页的position变化就是( 0, -1]

B页的position变化就是[ 1 , 0 ]

那么旋转的角度即:mRot = (20 * position); A页 mRot :0 ,~ -20 ; B页 mRot :20 ~ 0 ;

瞬间觉得好简单:

完整代码:

package com.zhy.view;    import com.nineoldandroids.view.ViewHelper;    import android.annotation.SuppressLint;  import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;  import android.util.Log;  import android.view.View;    public class RotateDownPageTransformer implements ViewPager.PageTransformer  {     private static final float ROT_MAX = 20.0f;   private float mRot;     public void transformPage(View view, float position)   {      Log.e("TAG", view + " , " + position + "");      if (position < -1)    { // [-Infinity,-1)     // This page is way off-screen to the left.     ViewHelper.setRotation(view, 0);      } else if (position <= 1) // a页滑动至b页 ; a页从 0.0 ~ -1 ;b页从1 ~ 0.0    { // [-1,1]     // Modify the default slide transition to shrink the page as well     if (position < 0)     {        mRot = (ROT_MAX * position);      ViewHelper.setPivotX(view, view.getMeasuredWidth() * 0.5f);      ViewHelper.setPivotY(view, view.getMeasuredHeight());      ViewHelper.setRotation(view, mRot);     } else     {        mRot = (ROT_MAX * position);      ViewHelper.setPivotX(view, view.getMeasuredWidth() * 0.5f);      ViewHelper.setPivotY(view, view.getMeasuredHeight());      ViewHelper.setRotation(view, mRot);     }       // Scale the page down (between MIN_SCALE and 1)       // Fade the page relative to its size.      } else    { // (1,+Infinity]     // This page is way off-screen to the right.     ViewHelper.setRotation(view, 0);    }   }  }

你没看错,if else 里面代码是一样的,为了好理解特意没有合并到一起~~~

到此,我们从setPageTransformer使用,到修改ViewPager做到向下兼容,直至自己定义出个性的切换效果 都已经介绍完毕~~

大家可以发挥自己的创造力,做出各种神奇的动画效果,ok,就到这里!

如果你喜欢自定义ViewPager来实现,请移步:Android 自定义 ViewPager 打造千变万化的图片切换效果

源码点击下载