Spring之WEB模块
n672
10年前
Spring的WEB模块用于整合Web框架，例如Struts 1、Struts 2、JSF等
整合Struts 1
继承方式
Spring框架提供了ActionSupport类支持Struts 1的Action。继承了ActionSupport后就能获取Spring的BeanFactory，从而获得各种Spring容器内的各种资源
import org.springframework.web.struts.ActionSupport; public class CatAction extends ActionSupport{ public ICatService getCarService(){ return (ICatService) getWebApplicationContext().getBean(＂catService＂); } public ActionForward execute(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){ CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form; if(＂list＂.equals(catForm.getAction())){ returnthis.list(mapping,form,request,response); } } public ActionForward list(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){ CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form; ICatService catService =getCatService(); List<Cat> catList =catService.listCats(); request.setAttribute(＂carList＂,catList); return mapping.find(＂list＂); } }
Spring在web.xml中的配置
<context-param><!-- Spring配置文件的位置--> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener><!-- 使用Listener加载Spring配置文件--> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class> </listener> <filter><!-- 使用Spring自带的字符过滤器--> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> 如果与Hibernate结合使用，需要在web.xml中添加OpenSessionInViewFilter过滤器，将session范围扩大到JSP层，防止抛出延迟加载异常 <filter> <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support. OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name> hibernateFilter </filter-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern><!-- 对Struts 1的Action启用--> </filter-mapping>
代理方式
继承方式融入Spring非常简单，但是缺点是代码与Spring发生了耦合，并且Action并没有交给Spring管理，因此不能使用Spring的AOP、IoC特性，使用代理方式则可以避免这些缺陷
public class CatAction extends Action{ //此处继承的Struts 1的Action private ICatService catService； //setter、getter略 public ActionForward execute(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){ CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form; if(＂list＂.equals(catForm.getAction())){ returnthis.list(mapping,form,request,response); } } public ActionForward list(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){ CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form; ICatService catService =getCatService(); List<Cat> catList =catService.listCats(); request.setAttribute(＂carList＂,catList); return mapping.find(＂list＂); } }
这个Action没有与Spring发生耦合，只是定义了一个ICatService属性，然后由Spring负责注入
struts-congfig.xml配置
<form-beans> <form-bean name=＂catForm＂ type=＂com.clf.spring.CatForm＂> </form-beans> <action-mappings> <action name=＂ catForm＂ path=＂/cat＂ type=＂com.clf.spring.CatAction＂> <forward name=＂list＂ path=＂/jsp/listCat.jsp＂></forward> </action> </action-mappings> <!-- 最核心的配置，该配置把Struts的Action交给Spring代理--> <controller processorClass=＂org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingRequestProcessor＂ />
controller配置生效后，Action的type属性就是去作用了，Struts不会用type属性指定的类来创建CatAction，而是到Spring配置中寻找，因此Spring中必须配置CatAction
<!-- Spring中配置Action使用的是name属性而不是id，Spring会截获＂/cat.do＂的请求，将catService通过setter方法注入到CatAction中，并调用execute()方法--> <bean name=＂/cat＂ class=＂ com.clf.spring.CatAction＂> <property name=＂catService＂ ref=＂catService＂ /> </bean>
web.xml的配置与上面的继承方式相同
使用代理方式的Action可以配置拦截器等Spring特性，例如给CatAction配置方法前拦截器和返回后拦截器
<bean id=＂catBeforeInterceptor＂ class=＂org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvodor＂> <property name=＂advice＂> <bean class=＂com.clf.spring.MethodBeforeInterceptor＂ /> </property> <property name=＂mappedName＂ value=＂*＂></property> </bean> <bean id=＂catAfterInterceptor＂ class=＂org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvodor＂> <property name=＂advice＂> <bean class=＂com.clf.spring.MethodAfterInterceptor＂ /> </property> <property name=＂mappedName＂ value=＂*＂></property> </bean> <bean name=＂/cat＂ class=＂org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean＂> <property name=＂interceptorNames＂> <list> <value> catBeforeInterceptor</value> <value> catAfterInterceptor</value> </list> </property> <property name=＂target＂> <bean class=＂com.clf.spring.CatAction＂> <property name=＂catService＂ ref=＂catService＂></property> </bean> </property> </bean>
整合Struts 2
Spring整合Struts 2需要struts2-spring-2.011.jar包
public class CatAction{ private ICatService catService; private Cat cat; //setter、getter略 public String list(){ catService.listCats(); return ＂list＂; } public String add(){ catService.createCat(cat); return list(); } } struts.xml配置
除了正常的配置之外，还需要<contstant/>添加名为struts.objectFactory的常量，把值设为spring，表示该Action由Spring产生。然后把<action/>的class属性改为catAction，Struts 2将会到Spring中寻找名为catAction的bean
<constant name=＂ struts.objectFactory＂ value=＂spring＂ /> <package name=＂cat＂ extends=＂struts-default＂> <action name=＂*_cat＂ method=＂{1}＂ class=＂catAction＂> <param name=＂action＂ >{1}</param> <result>/list.jsp</result> <result name=＂list＂>/list.jsp</result> </action> </package>
Spring配置
<bean id=＂catAction＂ scope=＂prototype＂ class=＂com.clf.spring.CatAction＂> <property name=＂catService＂ ref=＂catService＂></property> </bean>
web.xml配置
<context-param><!-- Spring配置文件的位置--> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener><!-- 使用Listener加载Spring配置文件--> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class> </listener> <filter> <filter-name>Struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name> Struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>