使用HTML5实现文件上传(ajax方式)以及进度显示

jopen 11年前

基于原生html5实现,不需要falsh支持,进度可以自定义显示,控制灵活

    本来打算使用jquery插件进行异步文件上传,比如uploadfy但是需要额外的支持,也有人用iframe模仿异步上传机制,感觉都比较别扭。因为项目不考虑低版本浏览器,所以决定用html5实现。下面只是一个简单的demo,具体样式需要自己去做。

    后台基于strut2进行文件处理,具体因项目而定。只是要注意设置文件大小的限制。  <constant name="struts.multipart.maxSize" value="52428800"/>这个配置根据具体情况设定,超过此值会报404.

首先是上传页面,比较简单,附带了文件上者这个参数。

upload.jsp


<%@page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%>   <%  String path = request.getContextPath();   %>  <!DOCTYPE html>  <html>  <head>      <title>使用XMLHttpRequest上传文件</title>      <script type="text/javascript">      var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();            //监听选择文件信息      function fileSelected() {       //HTML5文件API操作         var file = document.getElementById('fileName').files[0];         if (file) {           var fileSize = 0;           if (file.size > 1024 * 1024)             fileSize = (Math.round(file.size * 100 / (1024 * 1024)) / 100).toString() + 'MB';           else             fileSize = (Math.round(file.size * 100 / 1024) / 100).toString() + 'KB';             document.getElementById('fileName').innerHTML = 'Name: ' + file.name;           document.getElementById('fileSize').innerHTML = 'Size: ' + fileSize;           document.getElementById('fileType').innerHTML = 'Type: ' + file.type;         }       }            //上传文件      function uploadFile() {         var fd = new FormData();         //关联表单数据,可以是自定义参数         fd.append("name", document.getElementById('name').value);         fd.append("fileName", document.getElementById('fileName').files[0]);           //监听事件         xhr.upload.addEventListener("progress", uploadProgress, false);         xhr.addEventListener("load", uploadComplete, false);         xhr.addEventListener("error", uploadFailed, false);         xhr.addEventListener("abort", uploadCanceled, false);         //发送文件和表单自定义参数         xhr.open("POST", "<%=path%>/user/uploadifyTest_doUpload");         xhr.send(fd);       }      //取消上传   function cancleUploadFile(){    xhr.abort();   }            //上传进度      function uploadProgress(evt) {         if (evt.lengthComputable) {           var percentComplete = Math.round(evt.loaded * 100 / evt.total);           document.getElementById('progressNumber').innerHTML = percentComplete.toString() + '%';         }         else {           document.getElementById('progressNumber').innerHTML = 'unable to compute';         }      }        //上传成功响应      function uploadComplete(evt) {       //服务断接收完文件返回的结果       alert(evt.target.responseText);      }          //上传失败      function uploadFailed(evt) {        alert("上传失败");      }   //取消上传      function uploadCanceled(evt) {       alert("您取消了本次上传.");      }      </script>  </head>  <body>  <form id="form1" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post" action="upload.php">  <div class="row">        <label for="fileToUpload">选择文件</label>  <input type="file" name="fileName" id="fileName" onchange="fileSelected();"/>      </div>  <div id="fileName"></div>  <div id="fileSize"></div>  <div id="fileType"></div>  <div class="row">  上传者:<input type="text" name="name" id="name"/>  <input type="button" onclick="uploadFile()" value="上传" />  <input type="button" onclick="cancleUploadFile()" value="取消" />      </div>  <div id="progressNumber"></div>  </form>    </body>  </html>
fd.append("name", document.getElementById('name').value);  fd.append("fileName", document.getElementById('fileName').files[0]);
这两句是把数据绑定到表单。因为html5支持多文件上传,所以
document.getElementById('fileName').files
返回的是数组。这里只有一个文件所以取下标0的元素。


xhr.upload.addEventListener("progress", uploadProgress, false);   xhr.addEventListener("load", uploadComplete, false);   xhr.addEventListener("error", uploadFailed, false);   xhr.addEventListener("abort", uploadCanceled, false);
这里绑定进度、上传、错误、中断的事件,提供一些交互。文件进度显示就是在progress回调中进行显示的。

然后贴上后台代码和action配置,UploadifyTestAction.java

package com.bjhit.eranges.actions.test;    import java.io.File;    import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;    public class UploadifyTestAction extends ActionSupport {   private static final long serialVersionUID = 837481714629791752L;   private File fileName;   private String name;   private String responseInfo;     public String doUpload() throws Exception {    System.out.println(name);    File myFile = fileName;    System.out.println(myFile.getName());    responseInfo = "上传成功!";    return "doUpload";   }     public String getName() {    return name;   }     public void setName(String name) {    this.name = name;   }     public File getFileName() {    return fileName;   }     public void setFileName(File fileName) {    this.fileName = fileName;   }     public String getResponseInfo() {    return responseInfo;   }     public void setResponseInfo(String responseInfo) {    this.responseInfo = responseInfo;   }  }
action配置

<!-- 文件上传例子 -->  <action name="uploadifyTest_*" class="com.bjhit.eranges.actions.test.UploadifyTestAction" method="{1}">   <result name="doUpload" type="json">    <param name="includeProperties">responseInfo</param>    <param name="excludeNullProperties">true</param>   </result>  </action>



这样基本的上传功能了。

来自:http://my.oschina.net/gongxufan/blog/189824