mysqlslap 使用总结

jopen 11年前

      mysqlslap 可以用于模拟服务器的负载，并输出计时信息。其被包含在 MySQL 5.1 的发行包中。测试时，可以指定并发连接数，可以指定 SQL 语句。如果没有指定 SQL 语句，mysqlslap 会自动生成查询 schema 的 SELECT 语句。


1. 查看帮助信息。 

[root@Betty libmysql]# mysqlslap --help  mysqlslap  Ver 1.0 Distrib 5.6.10, for Linux (x86_64)  Copyright (c) 2005, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its  affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective  owners.    Run a query multiple times against the server.    Usage: mysqlslap [OPTIONS]    Default options are read from the following files in the given order:  /etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf   The following groups are read: mysqlslap client  The following options may be given as the first argument:  --print-defaults        Print the program argument list and exit.  --no-defaults           Don't read default options from any option file,                          except for login file.  --defaults-file=#       Only read default options from the given file #.  --defaults-extra-file=# Read this file after the global files are read.  --defaults-group-suffix=#                          Also read groups with concat(group, suffix)  --login-path=#          Read this path from the login file.    -?, --help          Display this help and exit.    -a, --auto-generate-sql 自动生成测试表和数据                        Generate SQL where not supplied by file or command line.    --auto-generate-sql-add-autoincrement 增加auto_increment一列                        Add an AUTO_INCREMENT column to auto-generated tables.    --auto-generate-sql-execute-number=# 自动生成的查询的个数                        Set this number to generate a set number of queries to                        run.    --auto-generate-sql-guid-primary 增加基于GUID的主键                        Add GUID based primary keys to auto-generated tables.    --auto-generate-sql-load-type=name 测试语句的类型。取值包括：read，key，write，update和mixed(默认)                        read:查询 write:插入 key:读主键 update:更新主键 mixed:一半插入一半查询                        Specify test load type: mixed, update, write, key, or                        read; default is mixed.    --auto-generate-sql-secondary-indexes=# 增加二级索引的个数，默认是0                        Number of secondary indexes to add to auto-generated                        tables.    --auto-generate-sql-unique-query-number=# 不同查询的数量，默认值是10                        Number of unique queries to generate for automatic tests.    --auto-generate-sql-unique-write-number=# 不同插入的数量，默认是100                        Number of unique queries to generate for                        auto-generate-sql-write-number.    --auto-generate-sql-write-number=#                         Number of row inserts to perform for each thread (default                        is 100).    --commit=#          多少条DML后提交一次                        Commit records every X number of statements.    -C, --compress      如果服务器和客户端支持都压缩，则压缩信息传递                        Use compression in server/client protocol.    -c, --concurrency=name 模拟N个客户端并发执行select。可指定多个值，以逗号或者 --delimiter 参数指定的值做为分隔符                        Number of clients to simulate for query to run.    --create=name       指定用于创建表的.sql文件或者字串                        File or string to use create tables.    --create-schema=name 指定待测试的数据库名，MySQL中schema也就是database，默认是mysqlslap                        Schema to run tests in.    --csv[=name]        Generate CSV output to named file or to stdout if no file                        is named.    -#, --debug[=#]     This is a non-debug version. Catch this and exit.    --debug-check       Check memory and open file usage at exit.    -T, --debug-info    打印内存和CPU的信息                        Print some debug info at exit.    --default-auth=name Default authentication client-side plugin to use.    -F, --delimiter=name 文件中的SQL语句使用分割符号                        Delimiter to use in SQL statements supplied in file or                        command line.    --detach=#          每执行完N个语句，先断开再重新打开连接                        Detach (close and reopen) connections after X number of                        requests.    --enable-cleartext-plugin                         Enable/disable the clear text authentication plugin.    -e, --engine=name   创建测试表所使用的存储引擎，可指定多个                        Storage engine to use for creating the table.    -h, --host=name     Connect to host.    -i, --iterations=#  迭代执行的次数                        Number of times to run the tests.    --no-drop           Do not drop the schema after the test.    -x, --number-char-cols=name 自动生成的测试表中包含多少个字符类型的列，默认1                        Number of VARCHAR columns to create in table if                        specifying --auto-generate-sql.    -y, --number-int-cols=name 自动生成的测试表中包含多少个数字类型的列，默认1                        Number of INT columns to create in table if specifying                        --auto-generate-sql.    --number-of-queries=# 总的测试查询次数(并发客户数×每客户查询次数)                        Limit each client to this number of queries (this is not                        exact).    --only-print        只输出模拟执行的结果，不实际执行                        Do not connect to the databases, but instead print out                        what would have been done.    -p, --password[=name]                         Password to use when connecting to server. If password is                        not given it's asked from the tty.    --plugin-dir=name   Directory for client-side plugins.    -P, --port=#        Port number to use for connection.    --post-query=name   测试完成以后执行的SQL语句的文件或者字符串 这个过程不影响时间计算                        Query to run or file containing query to execute after                        tests have completed.    --post-system=name  测试完成以后执行的系统语句 这个过程不影响时间计算                        system() string to execute after tests have completed.    --pre-query=name    测试执行之前执行的SQL语句的文件或者字符串 这个过程不影响时间计算                        Query to run or file containing query to execute before                        running tests.    --pre-system=name   测试执行之前执行的系统语句 这个过程不影响时间计算                        system() string to execute before running tests.    --protocol=name     The protocol to use for connection (tcp, socket, pipe,                        memory).    -q, --query=name    指定自定义.sql脚本执行测试。例如可以调用自定义的一个存储过程或者sql语句来执行测试                        Query to run or file containing query to run.    -s, --silent        不输出                        Run program in silent mode - no output.    -S, --socket=name   The socket file to use for connection.    --ssl               Enable SSL for connection (automatically enabled with                        other flags).    --ssl-ca=name       CA file in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies                        --ssl).    --ssl-capath=name   CA directory (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).    --ssl-cert=name     X509 cert in PEM format (implies --ssl).    --ssl-cipher=name   SSL cipher to use (implies --ssl).    --ssl-key=name      X509 key in PEM format (implies --ssl).    --ssl-crl=name      Certificate revocation list (implies --ssl).    --ssl-crlpath=name  Certificate revocation list path (implies --ssl).    --ssl-verify-server-cert                         Verify server's "Common Name" in its cert against                        hostname used when connecting. This option is disabled by                        default.    -u, --user=name     User for login if not current user.    -v, --verbose       输出更多的信息                        More verbose output; you can use this multiple times to                        get even more verbose output.    -V, --version       Output version information and exit.  [root@Betty libmysql]#

2. 以自动生成测试表和数据的形式，分别模拟 50 和 100 个客户端并发连接处理 1000 个 query 的情况。 
[root@Betty libmysql]# mysqlslap -a --concurrency=50,100 --number-of-queries=1000               Benchmark          Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.148 seconds          Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.148 seconds          Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.148 seconds          Number of clients running queries: 50          Average number of queries per client: 20    Benchmark          Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.246 seconds          Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.246 seconds          Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.246 seconds          Number of clients running queries: 100          Average number of queries per client: 10    [root@Betty libmysql]#

3.  增加 --debug-info 选项，可以输出内存和CPU信息。 
[root@Betty libmysql]# mysqlslap -a --concurrency=50,100 --number-of-queries=1000 --debug-info  Benchmark          Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.202 seconds          Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.202 seconds          Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.202 seconds          Number of clients running queries: 50          Average number of queries per client: 20    Benchmark          Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.193 seconds          Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.193 seconds          Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.193 seconds          Number of clients running queries: 100          Average number of queries per client: 10      User time 0.09, System time 0.05  Maximum resident set size 7848, Integral resident set size 0  Non-physical pagefaults 4221, Physical pagefaults 0, Swaps 0  Blocks in 0 out 0, Messages in 0 out 0, Signals 0  Voluntary context switches 7314, Involuntary context switches 1400

4. 增加 --iterations 选项，可以 重复执行 5 次 
[root@Betty libmysql]#   [root@Betty libmysql]# mysqlslap -a --concurrency=50,100 --number-of-queries=1000 --iterations=5 --debug-info  Benchmark          Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.168 seconds          Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.147 seconds          Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.217 seconds          Number of clients running queries: 50          Average number of queries per client: 20    Benchmark          Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.209 seconds          Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.156 seconds          Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.280 seconds          Number of clients running queries: 100          Average number of queries per client: 10      User time 0.47, System time 0.25  Maximum resident set size 9848, Integral resident set size 0  Non-physical pagefaults 16880, Physical pagefaults 0, Swaps 0  Blocks in 0 out 0, Messages in 0 out 0, Signals 0  Voluntary context switches 35954, Involuntary context switches 6583  [root@Betty libmysql]#

5. 可以 针对远程主机上的 mysql 进行测试。 
[root@Betty Shell]# mysqlslap -a --concurrency=50,100 --number-of-queries=1000 -h 172.16.81.99 -P 3306 -p  Enter password:   Benchmark          Average number of seconds to run all queries: 2.009 seconds          Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 2.009 seconds          Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 2.009 seconds          Number of clients running queries: 50          Average number of queries per client: 20    Benchmark          Average number of seconds to run all queries: 4.519 seconds          Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 4.519 seconds          Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 4.519 seconds          Number of clients running queries: 100          Average number of queries per client: 10    [root@Betty Shell]#

6. 使用 --only-print 选项，可以查看 mysqlslap 在测试过程中如何执行的 sql 语句。在这种方式下，仅会对数据库进行模拟操作。如下显示的自动产生测试表和数据的情况下，mysqlslap 的执行过程： 创建一个临时的库 mysqlslap ，并在测试结束是会将其删除。 
[root@Betty libmysql]# mysqlslap -a --only-print                                                DROP SCHEMA IF EXISTS `mysqlslap`;  CREATE SCHEMA `mysqlslap`;  use mysqlslap;  CREATE TABLE `t1` (intcol1 INT(32) ,charcol1 VARCHAR(128));  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1804289383,'mxvtvmC9127qJNm06sGB8R92q2j7vTiiITRDGXM9ZLzkdekbWtmXKwZ2qG1llkRw5m9DHOFilEREk3q7oce8O3BEJC0woJsm6uzFAEynLH2xCsw1KQ1lT4zg9rdxBL');  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (822890675,'97RGHZ65mNzkSrYT3zWoSbg9cNePQr1bzSk81qDgE4Oanw3rnPfGsBHSbnu1evTdFDe83ro9w4jjteQg4yoo9xHck3WNqzs54W5zEm92ikdRF48B2oz3m8gMBAl11W');  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1308044878,'50w46i58Giekxik0cYzfA8BZBLADEg3JhzGfZDoqvQQk0Akcic7lcJInYSsf9wqin6LDC1vzJLkJXKn5onqOy04MTw1WksCYqPl2Jg2eteqOqTLfGCvE4zTZwWvgMz');  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (964445884,'DPh7kD1E6f4MMQk1ioopsoIIcoD83DD8Wu7689K6oHTAjD3Hts6lYGv8x9G0EL0k87q8G2ExJjz2o3KhnIJBbEJYFROTpO5pNvxgyBT9nSCbNO9AiKL9QYhi0x3hL9');  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1586903190,'lwRHuWm4HE8leYmg66uGYIp6AnAr0BDd7YmuvYqCfqp9EbhKZRSymA4wx6gpHlJHI53DetH9j7Ixar90Jey5outd1ZIAJdJTjMaD7rMiqYXHFhHaB7Xr1HKuqe51GG'); 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 INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1348361729,'i8X2EnycNH7sDHMltxcILtQE0ZPoPq9zyg24J0hiAgQNpg8jedtrWK5WtXIALR9B03FJ4ou6TCTAtWtN7fETzBzkiAmvTv6LrEZn2RtNfMaOkJfjytCp54ZfEJbb7Z');  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1804289383,'mxvtvmC9127qJNm06sGB8R92q2j7vTiiITRDGXM9ZLzkdekbWtmXKwZ2qG1llkRw5m9DHOFilEREk3q7oce8O3BEJC0woJsm6uzFAEynLH2xCsw1KQ1lT4zg9rdxBL');  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (822890675,'97RGHZ65mNzkSrYT3zWoSbg9cNePQr1bzSk81qDgE4Oanw3rnPfGsBHSbnu1evTdFDe83ro9w4jjteQg4yoo9xHck3WNqzs54W5zEm92ikdRF48B2oz3m8gMBAl11W');  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1308044878,'50w46i58Giekxik0cYzfA8BZBLADEg3JhzGfZDoqvQQk0Akcic7lcJInYSsf9wqin6LDC1vzJLkJXKn5onqOy04MTw1WksCYqPl2Jg2eteqOqTLfGCvE4zTZwWvgMz');  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (964445884,'DPh7kD1E6f4MMQk1ioopsoIIcoD83DD8Wu7689K6oHTAjD3Hts6lYGv8x9G0EL0k87q8G2ExJjz2o3KhnIJBbEJYFROTpO5pNvxgyBT9nSCbNO9AiKL9QYhi0x3hL9');  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1586903190,'lwRHuWm4HE8leYmg66uGYIp6AnAr0BDd7YmuvYqCfqp9EbhKZRSymA4wx6gpHlJHI53DetH9j7Ixar90Jey5outd1ZIAJdJTjMaD7rMiqYXHFhHaB7Xr1HKuqe51GG');  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (962033002,'rfw4egILWisfxPwOc3nJx4frnAwgI539kr5EXFbupSZelM2MHqZEmD6ZNuEZzHib8fqYuHQbdrDND8lXqIdcNbAeWOBLZlpZOX5AoNlQFzpK7QjxcLP0wbWIriYGJL');  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1910858270,'ksnug3YyANnWWDEJiRkiFC4a3e6KyJ2i3hSjksiuFLHlRXw9yhjDtnfoQd0OouyrcIbCB9zQWG4pf0yTZhaIT67nj7BY21FWJqaWrZxEh13Kt2hRbGl4MsrxsuLmvd');  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (63299708,'FJid3GaHpRC2L6jgirPm5AW3uGGgCloJ5Ww0eNHSiLWvS5bAxto23AxxR6TXr9qofeoAtxWcJsXnxzxmsdhvoekFc5mSES8tyxvsuPK5Hjs7ihtaJaLz5xEh2s1GCA');  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (737703662,'2zxutF6rOqjXYHHzSrKRwAhWCPXTdhNXYKQIRO9sEkFf1YeTGqw40Ta5u6QNfpvC1DWTTXDkFSFHtte9bbDSwgZjmryHglLhqjAKEF4MkJfT49eXcjzZNOG1F6BnsY');  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (100669,'qnMdipW5KkXdTjGCh2PNzLoeR0527frpQDQ8uw67Ydk1K06uuNHtkxYBxT5w8plb2BbpzhwYBgPNYX9RmICWGkZD6fAESvhMzH3yqzMtXoH4BQNylbK1CmEIPGYlC6');  SELECT intcol1,charcol1 FROM t1;  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (73673339,'BN3152Gza4GW7atxJKACYwJqDbFynLxqc0kh30YTwgz3FktQ43XTrqJ4PQ25frn7kXhfXD8RuzN1j8Rf3y8ugKy6es3IbqPJM6ylCyD6xS7YcQCfHKZxYNvB7yTahm');  SELECT intcol1,charcol1 FROM t1;  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1759592334,'3lkoxjtvgLu5xKHSTTtJuGE5F5QqmCcppCTmvFZScRZQgim93gSxwb24gKmIPEzEQStMjQiCu7WapGbkw4ilXch3xRLMhKSzgLDOovSi2qGj6rKvnuYAWDDJgaZDu2');  SELECT intcol1,charcol1 FROM t1;  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (95275444,'bNIrBDBl81tjzdvuOpQRCXgX37xGtzLKEXBIcE3k7xK7aFtqxC99jqYnpTviK83bf6lGDgsKd4R3KLmHPnI8TqnIKj1gjw7N2sXFZNS2Svyg8cpZN7atxL39w4igsp');  SELECT intcol1,charcol1 FROM t1;  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (866596855,'naQuzhMt1IrZIJMkbLAKBNNKKK2sCknzI5uHeGAgQuDd5SLgpN0smODyc7qorTo1QaI5qLl97qmCIzl0Mds81x7TxpIoJyqlY0iEDRNKA1PS0AKEn5NhuMAr3KgEIM');  SELECT intcol1,charcol1 FROM t1;  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (364531492,'qMa5SuKo4M5OM7ldvisSc6WK9rsG9E8sSixocHdgfa5uiiNTGFxkDJ4EAwWC2e4NL1BpAgWiFRcp1zIH6F1BayPdmwphatwnmzdwgzWnQ6SRxmcvtd6JRYwEKdvuWr');  DROP SCHEMA IF EXISTS `mysqlslap`;  [root@Betty libmysql]#

7. 实际测试中的复杂情况。
使用 --defaults-file 选项，指定从配置文件中读取选项配置。
使用 --number-int-cols 选项，指定表中会包含 4 个 int 型的列。
使用 --number-char-cols 选项，指定表中会包含 35 个 char 型的列。
使用 --engine 选项，指定针对何种存储引擎进行测试。 
[root@Betty ~]# mysqlslap --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --concurrency=50,100,200 --iterations=1 --number-int-cols=4 --number-char-cols=35 --auto-generate-sql --auto-generate-sql-add-autoincrement --auto-generate-sql-load-type=mixed --engine=myisam,innodb --number-of-queries=200 --debug-info -S /tmp/mysql.sock  Benchmark          Running for engine myisam          Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.015 seconds          Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.015 seconds          Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.015 seconds          Number of clients running queries: 50          Average number of queries per client: 4    Benchmark          Running for engine myisam          Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.024 seconds          Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.024 seconds          Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.024 seconds          Number of clients running queries: 100          Average number of queries per client: 2    Benchmark          Running for engine myisam          Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.028 seconds          Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.028 seconds          Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.028 seconds          Number of clients running queries: 200          Average number of queries per client: 1    Benchmark          Running for engine innodb          Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.112 seconds          Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.112 seconds          Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.112 seconds          Number of clients running queries: 50          Average number of queries per client: 4    Benchmark          Running for engine innodb          Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.042 seconds          Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.042 seconds          Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.042 seconds          Number of clients running queries: 100          Average number of queries per client: 2    Benchmark          Running for engine innodb          Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.105 seconds          Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.105 seconds          Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.105 seconds          Number of clients running queries: 200          Average number of queries per client: 1      User time 0.05, System time 0.06  Maximum resident set size 8332, Integral resident set size 0  Non-physical pagefaults 5388, Physical pagefaults 0, Swaps 0  Blocks in 0 out 0, Messages in 0 out 0, Signals 0  Voluntary context switches 7484, Involuntary context switches 2839  [root@Betty ~]#

8. 使用存储过程进行测试。
略


========== 我是分割线 =============

mysqlslap 运行分三个阶段:
  1. 创建 schema，table 和任何用来测试的已经存储了的程序和数据。这个阶段使用单客户端连接；
  2. 进行负载测试。这个阶段使用多客户端连接；
  3. 清除（断开连接，删除指定表）。这个阶段使用单客户端连接。
    
例子：

a. 提供你自己的创建 SQL 语句和查询 SQL 语句，有 50 个客户端查询，每个查询 200 次（在单行上输入命令）： 
[root@Betty ~]# mysqlslap --delimiter=";" --create="CREATE TABLE a (b int);INSERT INTO a VALUES (23)" --query="SELECT * FROM a" --concurrency=50 --iterations=200  Benchmark          Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.005 seconds          Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.003 seconds          Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.007 seconds          Number of clients running queries: 50          Average number of queries per client: 1    [root@Betty ~]#

b. 让 mysqlslap 创建查询的 SQL 语句，使用的表有 2 个 INT 行和 3 个 VARCHAR 行。使用 5 个客户端，每一个查询 20 次！不要创建表或插入数据。(换言之，用之前测试的模式和数据): 
[root@Betty ~]# mysqlslap --concurrency=5 --iterations=20 --number-int-cols=2 --number-char-cols=3 --auto-generate-sql    Benchmark          Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.025 seconds          Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.012 seconds          Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.084 seconds          Number of clients running queries: 5          Average number of queries per client: 0    [root@Betty ~]#

c. 告诉程序从指定的 create.sql 文件去加载 create，insert 和查询等 SQL 语句。该文件有多个表的 create 和insert 语句, 它们都是通过“；”分隔开的。query.sql 文件则有 多个查询语句, 分隔符也是“；”。执行所有的加载语句，然后通过查询文件执行所有的查询语句，分别在 5 个客户端上每个执行 5 次： 
[root@Betty ~]# mysqlslap --concurrency=5 --iterations=5 --query=query.sql --create=create.sql --delimiter=";"

========== 我是分割线  =============

      mysqlslap 对于模拟多个用户同时对 MySQL 发起“进攻”提供了方便。同时详细的提供了“高负荷攻击 MySQL”的详细数据报告。

来自：http://my.oschina.net/moooofly/blog/152547