Struct2、Hibernate3、Spring3框架搭建实战
采用目前最新的struts-2.3.1.2、hibernate3.6.10.Final、spring-framework-3.1.1.RELEASE开发包,以及eclipse-jee-indigo-SR2-win32、apache-tomcat-7.0.27服务器、JDK6和mysql5做开发环境,参考了前辈的一篇相关文章,改正了其中的错误和疏漏,克服了公司分配的“新”机器每小时自动重启三次的困难,终于把环境给搭好了。整个过程中遵循的一个原则是,避免引入用不到的jar包,以求搭建一个最小的SSH运行环境。
首先创建一个Dynamic web project 输入任意名字如SSHBase。
第一步:加载Spring环境
我们需要引入的包有:
org.springframework.asm-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.beans-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.context-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.core-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.expression-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.jdbc-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.web-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.orm-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar
由于spring默认开启了日志,还需要加入commons-logging的jar包,否则会报错。
建议不要一次性加入 应该先加最核心的运行代码看缺少什么加什么,这样就不会加多余的包进来了,spring3已经把包按功能分开,不像以前一个包,这样更灵活,只要运行我们需要的功能,而没用到的就不用在硬性的添加进来。
包加好了之后我们开始创建spring应用,创建一个XML文件ApplicationContext.xml(放在src根目录),下面是基本结构
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd"> <!--在这里面添加beans--> </beans>
写一个用例来测试一下spring搭建好了没有,创建一个Person类:
public class Person { private String name; private int age; /* 也可以写get方法这边就不写了,不写也行spring没有要求一定要有 */ public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public String toString() { return "name : " + name + " age : " + age; // 重写toString方法以便输出信息 } }
然后在配置文件,也就是AppliccationContext.xml里面添加bean相关配置,要注意类的包路径(这是值注入,还有接口和构造注入):
<bean id="nike" class="Person" scope="prototype" > <property name="name" value="XXX"></property> <property name="age" value="18"></property> </bean>
再写一个测试类,来进行测试:
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory; import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource; public class testSpring { public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub XmlBeanFactory beansfactory = new XmlBeanFactory(new FileSystemResource("src/ApplicationContext.xml")); System.out.println(beansfactory); Person nike = (Person)beansfactory.getBean("nike"); System.out.println(nike); } }
运行效果应该看到: name : XXX age : 18
这就证明搭建好了,beans已经自己创建。
第二步:整合hibernate
需要的包如下:
antlr-2.7.6.jar commons-collections-3.1.jar commons-logging-1.1.1.jar dom4j-1.6.1.jar
hibernate3.jar slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.1.Final.jar
javassist-3.12.0.GA.jar jta-1.1.jar ejb3-persistence.jar
加好之后在spring里面配置hibernate(假定在数据库已经创建了一个叫做myTest的数据库)
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <!-- 定义数据源 --> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/><!-- 定义数据库驱动--> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mytest?characterEncoding=UTF-8"/><!-- 连接字符串--> <property name="username" value="root" /><!-- 账号--> <property name="password" value="root"/><!-- 密码--> </bean> <!-- 配置sessionFactory 配置 --> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="annotatedClasses" > <list> <value>com.neareast.test.Person</value><!-- 定义元素关联,xml文件也可以配置我这边直接用annoration配置 --> </list> </property> <property name="hibernateProperties"><!--hibernate参数--> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hiberante.format_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!--定义DAO--> <bean id="personDao" class="com.neareast.test.PersonDao"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property> </bean>
然后修改一下刚才的Person类,并加上注解,就可以用了:
import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.Table; @Entity @Table(name="person") public class Person { @Id @Column(unique=true,name="id",nullable=false) private int id ; @Column(name="name",length=20) private String name; @Column(name="age") private int age; /*也可以写get方法这边就不写了,不写也行spring没有要求一定要有*/ public void setName(String name){ this.name=name; } public void setId(int id ){ this.id = id; } public void setAge(int age){ this.age=age; } public String toString() { return "name : " + name + " age : " + age;//重写toString方法以便输出信息 } }
DAO接口中定义了四个简单的方法:
public interface IPersonDao { public void createPerson(Person person); public List<Serializable> getAll(); public int count(); public void drop(Person person); }
其实现如下:
import org.hibernate.Query; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; public class PersonDao implements IPersonDao { private SessionFactory sessionFactory; @Override public void createPerson(Person person) { Session session = sessionFactory.openSession(); session.beginTransaction(); session.save(person); session.beginTransaction().commit(); } @Override public List<Serializable> getAll() { Session session = sessionFactory.openSession(); String sql = "from Person"; session.beginTransaction(); Query query = session.createQuery(sql); return query.list(); } @Override public int count() { Session session = sessionFactory.openSession(); String sql = "from Person"; session.beginTransaction(); Query query = session.createQuery(sql); return query.list().size(); } @Override public void drop(Person person) { Session session = sessionFactory.openSession(); session.beginTransaction(); session.delete(person); session.beginTransaction().commit(); } public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) { this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory; } }
然后再写一个简单的用例来测试:
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory; import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource; public class TestHibernate { public static void main(String[] args) { XmlBeanFactory beansfactory = new XmlBeanFactory( new FileSystemResource("src/ApplicationContext.xml")); PersonDao persondao = (PersonDao) beansfactory.getBean("personDao"); Person person = new Person(); person.setAge(123); person.setName("哈哈哈"); persondao.createPerson(person); System.out.println(persondao.getAll().size()); } }
由于数据表设置成自动更新,在没有表的情况下,hibernate会帮我们自动创建表和他们之间的关系。打开mysql客户端 输入:
use mytest;
select * from person;
如果看到我们的数据就证明OK了!
在这我们就已经将hibernate 基本整合好了!
第三步:整合Struts2
引入下列jar包:
struts2-core-2.3.1.2.jar struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.1.2.jar xwork-core-2.3.1.2.jar commons-io-2.0.1.jar commons-lang-2.5.jar
ognl-3.0.4.jar freemarker-2.3.18.jar commons-logging-api-1.1.jar commons-fileupload-1.2.2.jar
在WEB-INF目录下,创建并编辑web.xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <display-name>SSHBase1.0</display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/ApplicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>
在src下创建配置文件struts.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" /> <!--很重要注明工厂 --> <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring"></constant> <package name="myPackage" extends="struts-default"> <action name="index"> <result>/index.jsp</result> </action> <!-- 第一个测试的 --> <action name="helloAction" class="hello" method="getPerson"> <result name="SUCCESS">/hello.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
接下来,创建相应的Action,(注意此处可能需要手动引入服务器的Server Runtime库),例如:
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class HelloAction extends ActionSupport { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private IPersonDao dao; /* * 测试方法 spring 值注入顺序是按照配置文件值的顺序注入 */ public String getPerson() { System.out.println(dao); HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest(); request.getSession().setAttribute("personlist", dao.getAll()); return "SUCCESS"; } public IPersonDao getDao() { return dao; } public void setDao(IPersonDao dao) { this.dao = dao; } }
然后在spring的配置文件里,配置相应的class bean:
<bean id="hello" class="com.neareast.test.HelloAction"> <property name="dao" ref="personDao"></property> </bean>
接下来创建个页面来进行测试,可在WebContent下面创建一个hello.jsp页面:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title>test OK</title> </head> <body> 测试OK <br> <a> 姓 :</a> <label>${personlist}</label> <br /> </body> </html>
最后,启动服务器,在浏览器中输入: http://localhost:8080/SSHBase/helloAction,就可以看到我们数据库里的数据了。
至此,最基本的SSH已经整合完毕!
整个项目的代码我已经打包上传,欢迎下载,链接如下: http://download.csdn.net/detail/neareast/4223692
转自:http://blog.csdn.net/neareast/article/details/7457618