PhoneGap跨平台移动应用开发框架体验
fmms
13年前
<p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">早在7月份就听说PhoneGap.移动应用产品往往常常考虑多个平台的支持.单一平台很难保证应用的覆盖面或者换句话说就是用户群体的量和持续的活跃性上从长期的角度而言往往存在短板.另外从开发的角度而言.多平台的支持往往需要建立不同的技术团队.而平台之间开发技术也是完全迥异的. 开发一个具有相同业务的应用Natural-Application需要使用到不同平台的框架和开发语言.使用 C/C++ 的 Symbian、使用 Object C 的 iOS 和使用 Java 的 Android 应用开发技术，几乎是完全无法融合的. PhoneGap跨平台移动应用开发框架正是应运而生.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">Well .在介绍PhoneGap前关于移动平台Application 需要搞清楚几个概念:Web App，Native App,Hybird App：</span></p> <blockquote> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;font-size:x-small;"><strong>移动平台Application几个概念:</strong></span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;font-size:x-small;"><strong>Web App:这个主要是采用统一的标准的HTML,JavaScript.CSS等web技术开发.通过不同平台的浏览器访问来实现跨平台.同时可以通过浏览器支持充分使用HTML5特性，缺点是这些基于浏览器的应用无法调用系统API来实现一些高级功能，也不适合高性能要求的场合.</strong></span></p> <p></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family:Consolas;font-size:x-small;">Native APP:就是所谓的原生应用.指的是用平台特定的开发语言所开发的应用.使用它们的优点是可以完全利用系统的API和平台特性，在性能上也是最好的。缺点是由于开发技术不同，如果你要覆盖多个平台，则要针对每个平台独立开发,无跨平台特性.</span></strong></p> <p></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family:Consolas;font-size:x-small;">Hybird App：则是为了弥补如上两者开发模式的缺陷的产物.分别继承双方的优势.首先它让为数众多的web开发人员可以几乎零成本的转型成移动应用开发者；其次，相同的代码只需针对不同平台进行编译就能实现在多平台的分发，大大提高了多平台开发的效率；而相较于web App，开发者可以通过包装好的接口，调用大部分常用的系统API.</span></strong></p> </blockquote> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">而PhoneGap正是Hybird APP目前框架中集大成者. 一方面以标准HTML JavaScript技术开发应用通过浏览器的方式实现跨平台的概念.另外它也满足在能够应用直接调用核心功能的API.用PhoneGap官方的一句话概况其特点是:”written once, run everywhere”-一次编译到处运行.</span></p> <p><img style="background-image:none;border-right-width:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;display:inline;border-top-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:0px;" title="e0f269be-9caf-363e-bac9-90995b823586" border="0" alt="e0f269be-9caf-363e-bac9-90995b823586" src="https://simg.open-open.com/show/feb3248f125bb236a211e8538aaf8fe4.jpg" width="240" height="270" /><span style="font-family:Consolas;"> </span></p> <h3 style="padding-bottom:3px;background-color:#80ac92;font-family:verdana, geneva, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;height:44px;color:white;font-size:15pt;font-weight:bolder;padding-top:10px;"><strong><span style="font-family:Consolas;"><1>PhoneGap发展历程</span></strong></h3> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">本篇我并不打算介绍一些PhoneGap基础概念.而是想说说最近几天在体验PhoneGap中碰到一些困惑.以及找到一些关于这些问题的答案.如果你不了解PhoneGap是什么可以通过如下链接:</span></p> <blockquote> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;font-size:x-small;"><strong>PhoneGap Platform:</strong></span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;font-size:x-small;"><strong><a href="/misc/goto?guid=4958199139955699999" target="_blank">PhoneGap Home Page</a></strong></span></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family:Consolas;font-size:x-small;"><a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959500184703599545" target="_blank">PhoneGap On WikiPedia</a></span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family:Consolas;font-size:x-small;"><a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959500184790231746" target="_blank">PhoneGap on Baidu Baike</a></span></strong></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;font-size:x-small;"><strong> </strong></span></p> </blockquote> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">关于PhoneGap整理其发展历程如下:</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">其实PhoneGap原来是由一家加拿大的小公司开发支持. 它真正开始成名是在2008年的在San Francisco举办的iPhoneDevCamp上.很快就在2009年由O’Reilly Media举办的2009 Web 2.0 大会赢得了“开发者选择”奖的殊荣.而正在此时项来以封闭的著称的苹果帝国-苹果公司正式认同这个开发框架.甚至为此特意修改了4.0版开发者协议。其实这也是苹果支持为数不多的开放标准之一HTML5一次选择.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">2009年2月25日，PhoneGap0.60正式发布，这是第一个稳定版，同时支持iOS、Android、BlackBerry三个平台.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">2009年8月到2010年7月，PhoneGap实现了对Windows Mobile、Nokia WRT(S60)、Palm、Symbian^3平台的支持，支持平台达到6个.Worklight和appMobi等移动应用开发平台也采用了PhoneGap框架作为对其移动客户端开发引擎的支撑.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">2011年10月，Adobe收购了创立PhoneGap项目的Nitobi公司，随后把PhoneGap项目捐给了Apache基金会，但Adobe保留了PhoneGap的商标所有权（该项目在Apache旗下的名称是Apache Callback）。</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">2011年7月29日，PhoneGap发布了1.0版产品。PhoneGap 1.0的推出，该版本重点是访问本地设备的API.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">2011年11月7日，PhoneGap1.2.0发布，随着微软的介入这个版本正式支持Windows Phone 7，至此支持的平台数达到7个.</span></p> <p><img style="background-image:none;border-right-width:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;display:inline;border-top-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:0px;" title="2011-12-31_143930" border="0" alt="2011-12-31_143930" src="https://simg.open-open.com/show/4fc3a9b7f8eb77bf8835de20dafad0b9.png" width="607" height="484" /><span style="font-family:Consolas;"> </span></p> <h3 style="padding-bottom:3px;background-color:#80ac92;font-family:verdana, geneva, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;height:44px;color:white;font-size:15pt;font-weight:bolder;padding-top:10px;"><strong><span style="font-family:Consolas;"><>PhoneGap原理</span></strong></h3> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">其实在看到PhoneGAp实现Windows phone 和其他平台IOs Android平台应用互动Demo后.我当时就很疑惑PhoneGap如何实现的?其实谈到这点.很多人往往关注到PhoneGap解决了了什么.却忽略了作为跨平台移动应用框架所在交互上所面临的问题.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">“written once, run everywhere” 这句话要解决跨平台移动应用框架两个无法规避的问题:</span></p> <blockquote> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;font-size:x-small;"><strong>存在问题:</strong></span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;font-size:x-small;"><strong>A：首先要解决平台之间兼容问题.实现其跨平台的特性.必须要在开发技术上要跨越各个平台开发编程语言和框架的界限.</strong></span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;font-size:x-small;"><strong>B: 其次要能够实现和各平台的SDK API实现无差别的交互.</strong></span></p> </blockquote> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">这两点其实也正是PhoneGap所最开始的设计初衷.那么PhoneGap如何解决这两个问题?</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">首先在解决平台兼容性问题上.来看看PhoneGap使用的开发技术-[HTML+CSS+JavaScript等].不难看出这些具有成熟统一标准的web前段技术[HTML+CSS+JavaSCript],在各个主流平台支持HTML 5背景下.这些技术都是支持和认可的.PhoneGap的做法是采用成熟的脚本和 Web 技术作为实现平台兼容的切入点. 而未来HTML 5标准之一就是跨平台特性. 无疑为这种成熟解决方案创造了可能.具体来说这些开发技术[HTML+CSS+JavaScript]在PhoneGap主要实现应用程序UI呈现和组织业务逻辑功能.对于移动应用框架的跨平台性 有一张很好解释图:</span></p> <p><img style="background-image:none;border-right-width:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;display:inline;border-top-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:0px;" title="build3" border="0" alt="build3" src="https://simg.open-open.com/show/2ed3e167d87aad448cb5cb22df451616.png" width="658" height="294" /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">其实在说到和各个平台SDK API实现无差别的交互上.PhoneGap通过调用JavaSCript 调用API库实现和各个平台的SDK进行无差别的交互. 以达到调用不同平台手机上摄像头，文件系统,重力感应.GPS定位等功能.从第二张图中可以看出.虽然能够实现这种方式实现SDK API调用.但是各个平台之间依然存在差异.但Windows phone 支持所有PhoneGap对SDK操作.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">虽然能够实现JavaScript调用Windows phone SDK功能.当我按照官方给出的API文档简单实现几个功能后. 我不禁有些疑惑这种在JavaScript中直接实现调用SDK API在框架中是如何实现的.? </span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">其实这个问题也不难找到.PhoneGap在运行时.会吧编写的HTML、CSS,Javascript文件处理成一种类似”文件镜像”方式.然后通过浏览器解析执行.在解析执行的过程中会调用SDK 中API.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">而调用SDK中API方式其实你只要打开fildder工具监听请求.就能看到每次调用时会发送Ajax请求，也就是通过脚本向设备发送消息方式.当设备接到消息后解析处理后通过调用XAML固定的WebView浏览器控制的Load方法执行脚本从而实现脚本回调.这就是PhoneGap通过JavaScript调用SDK 中API的”秘密“所在.</span><span style="font-family:Consolas;"> 图解如下:</span></p> <p><img style="background-image:none;border-right-width:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;display:inline;border-top-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:0px;" title="1555551" border="0" alt="1555551" src="https://simg.open-open.com/show/5a1d4d0552d6d9253f70ac0890de99f4.png" width="644" height="481" /></p> <h3 style="padding-bottom:3px;background-color:#80ac92;font-family:verdana, geneva, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;height:44px;color:white;font-size:15pt;font-weight:bolder;padding-top:10px;"><strong><span style="font-family:Consolas;"><3>PhoneGap在Windows phone 体验</span></strong></h3> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">如下在Windows phone开发环境构建几个简单PhoneGap应用来体验一下其执行过程.So 如果你不了解如何在Windows phone 中搭建PhoneGap开发环境请参考如下链接:</span></p> <blockquote> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;font-size:x-small;"><strong>How to Build development environment ：</strong></span></p> <p><a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959500184866776803" target="_blank"><span style="font-family:Consolas;font-size:x-small;"><strong>Build PhoneGap Development Environment HomePage</strong></span></a></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;font-size:x-small;"><strong>API Docs:</strong></span></p> <p><a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959500184943756417"><span style="font-family:Consolas;"><strong>http://docs.phonegap.com/en/1.3.0/index.html</strong></span></a></p> </blockquote> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">构建一个PhoneGap Application 命名:PhoneGapBuildAppDemo</span></p> <p><img style="background-image:none;border-right-width:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;display:inline;border-top-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:0px;" title="2011-12-31_162613" border="0" alt="2011-12-31_162613" src="https://simg.open-open.com/show/5aa51992eb71565d28c3db13ddf241ad.png" width="344" height="378" /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">从初始的解决方案的结构来看.Gaplib目录下包含一个WP7GapClassLib.dll. WWW目录下则是要编写发布 运行时展示的内容.如果要迁移支持多平台.这是核心内容.关于一次编译到处运行.很多开发人员可能产生一些误解. 即使我们在Windows phone 平台成功编译运行.还是需要Copy WWW目录下文件迁移到其他平台.做一些必要调整和修改.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">至于Plugins目录稍后解释. 打开MainPage.xml文件发现只有一个定制的WEbBrowser控件:</span></p> <div class="csharpcode"> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 1: </span> <span class="rem"><!--xmlns:my="clr-namespace:WP7GapClassLib;assembly=WP7GapClassLib"--></span></pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 2: </span> <span class="kwrd"><</span><span class="html">my:PGView</span> <span class="attr">HorizontalAlignment</span><span class="kwrd">="Stretch"</span> </pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 3: </span> <span class="attr">Margin</span><span class="kwrd">="0,0,0,0"</span> </pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 4: </span> <span class="attr">Name</span><span class="kwrd">="PGView"</span> </pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 5: </span> <span class="attr">VerticalAlignment</span><span class="kwrd">="Stretch"</span> <span class="kwrd">/></span></pre> </div> <p> <style type="text/css"> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } </style> <span style="font-family:Consolas;">运行时加载解析的是www目录下Inde.html网页内容.Well.这里我们现实当前平台一些基本信息.可以在API Doc文档找到Deveice现实信息的API,修改JavaSCript如下:</span></p> <div class="csharpcode"> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 1: </span> <script type=<span class="str">"text/javascript"</span>></pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 2: </span> document.addEventListener(<span class="str">"deviceready"</span>, onDeviceReady, <span class="kwrd">false</span>);</pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 3: </span> </pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 4: </span> <span class="rem">// once the device ready event fires, you can safely do your thing! -jm</span></pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 5: </span> <span class="kwrd">function</span> onDeviceReady() {</pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 6: </span> document.getElementById(<span class="str">"welcomeMsg"</span>).innerHTML += <span class="str">'Device Name: '</span> + device.name + <span class="str">'<br />'</span> +</pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 7: </span> <span class="str">'Device PhoneGap: '</span> + device.phonegap + <span class="str">'<br />'</span> +</pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 8: </span> <span class="str">'Device Platform: '</span> + device.platform + <span class="str">'<br />'</span> +</pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 9: </span> <span class="str">'Device UUID: '</span> + device.uuid + <span class="str">'<br />'</span> +</pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 10: </span> <span class="str">'Device Version: '</span> + device.version + <span class="str">'<br />'</span>; </pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 11: </span> }</pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 12: </span> </pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 13: </span> </script> </pre> </div> <div id="cnblogs_post_body"> <style type="text/css"> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } </style> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">运行应用程序:</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;"><img style="background-image:none;border-right-width:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;display:inline;border-top-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:0px;" title="2011-12-31_171109" border="0" alt="2011-12-31_171109" src="https://simg.open-open.com/show/0617aff91b55b33b75eab5387cfc8298.png" width="268" height="484" /></span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">可以看到通过JAvaScript中调用直接访问Windows phone SDK 中API拿到当前设备的基本信息.如果你觉得PhoneGap还不足够媲美Windows phone 自身SDK API能力.那么JAvaScript中直接调用设备的摄像头.并能够实现摄像头图片截屏. 并保存到图片库中. 保存成功后.JAvaScript依然能够能够访问指定图片相册去读取截图文件. 只需需该一段JAvaScript 轻松实现截屏功能:</span></p> <div class="csharpcode"> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 1: </span><script type=<span class="str">"text/javascript"</span> charset=<span class="str">"utf-8"</span>></pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 2: </span>navigator.camera.getPicture(onSuccess, onFail, { quality: 50 }); </pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 3: </span> </pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 4: </span>function onSuccess(imageData) {</pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 5: </span> var image = document.getElementById(<span class="str">'myImage'</span>);</pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 6: </span> image.src = <span class="str">"data:image/jpeg;base64,"</span> + imageData;</pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 7: </span>}</pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 8: </span> </pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 9: </span>function onFail(message) {</pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 10: </span> alert(<span class="str">'Failed because: '</span> + message);</pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 11: </span>}</pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 12: </span></script></pre> </div> <style type="text/css"> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } </style> <p>运行时截图:</p> <p><img style="background-image:none;border-right-width:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;display:inline;border-top-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:0px;" title="2011-12-31_172841" border="0" alt="2011-12-31_172841" src="https://simg.open-open.com/show/6013363b3bce999fdbf9cf4f3389bb3a.png" width="268" height="484" /></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">具体调用摄像头的实例请参考官方API文档：</span><a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959500185031499002"><span style="font-family:Consolas;">http://docs.phonegap.com/en/1.3.0/phonegap_camera_camera.md.html#Camera</span></a> .</p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">well.出了官方提供的通用的SDK API.我们依然能够从第二章图能看出有些SDK API调用也是因平台不同而 各异. 不禁有开发人员提出一些具体而实际的需求.如果说要在PhoneGap直接调用PhoneCallTask任务实现打电话功能. 这里就必须提到如上解决方案中Plugins目录. </span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">Plugins目录当然顾名思义.就是扩展的插件.PhoneGap有一个另外很重要的特点就是对对应平台可以供开发人员插件的方式集成SDK API中功能.实现即插即用的框架组织结构.这对开发人员无意给出最大的扩展自由. 如果我们PhoneGap集成一个打电话功能.首先要在Plugins目录创建一个PhoneTaskService类 添加引用:</span></p> <div class="csharpcode"> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 1: </span><span class="kwrd">using</span> Microsoft.Phone.Tasks;</pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 2: </span><span class="kwrd">using</span> WP7GapClassLib.PhoneGap;</pre> </div> <p> <style type="text/css"> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } </style> <span style="font-family:Consolas;">定义类:</span></p> <div class="csharpcode"> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 1: </span> <span class="kwrd">public</span> <span class="kwrd">class</span> PhoneTaskService : BaseCommand</pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 2: </span> {</pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 3: </span> <span class="kwrd">public</span> <span class="kwrd">void</span> ExcutePhoneCallTask()</pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 4: </span> {</pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 5: </span> PhoneCallTask mefPhoneCallTask = <span class="kwrd">new</span> PhoneCallTask();</pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 6: </span> mefPhoneCallTask.DisplayName = <span class="str">"China Mobile Customer Service"</span>;</pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 7: </span> mefPhoneCallTask.PhoneNumber = <span class="str">"10086"</span>;</pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 8: </span> mefPhoneCallTask.Show();</pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 9: </span> }</pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 10: </span> }</pre> </div> <style type="text/css"> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } </style> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">首先修改类命名空间.将该类做为 PhoneGap 运行库命名空间，因此将该类的命名空间修改为<strong>WP7GapClassLib.PhoneGap.Commands</strong>. 另外我们还必须继承 PhoneGap 运行库的 BaseCommand 类，以便我们可以在 JavaScript 中调用到该类. 定义JAvaScript调用:</span></p> <div class="csharpcode"> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 1: </span>function CallComposer(){ </pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 2: </span> <span class="kwrd">this</span>.resultCallback = <span class="kwrd">null</span>; </pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 3: </span>} </pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 4: </span> </pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 5: </span>CallComposer.prototype.showCallComposer = function(toRecipients, body) </pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 6: </span>{ </pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 7: </span> var args = {}; </pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 8: </span> </pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 9: </span> <span class="kwrd">if</span>(toRecipients) </pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 10: </span> args.toRecipients = toRecipients; </pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 11: </span> </pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 12: </span> <span class="kwrd">if</span>(body) </pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 13: </span> args.body = body; </pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 14: </span> </pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 15: </span> PhoneGap.exec(<span class="kwrd">null</span>, <span class="kwrd">null</span>, <span class="str">"PhoneCall"</span>, <span class="str">"call"</span>, args); </pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 16: </span> </pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 17: </span>} </pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 18: </span> </pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 19: </span>PhoneGap.addConstructor(function () { </pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 20: </span> <span class="kwrd">if</span> (!window.plugins) { </pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 21: </span> window.plugins = {}; </pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 22: </span> } </pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 23: </span> window.plugins.CallComposer = <span class="kwrd">new</span> CallComposer(); </pre> <pre><span class="lnum"> 24: </span> } </pre> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 25: </span>); </pre> </div> <style type="text/css"> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } </style> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">在解决方案另存为.JS文件. 通过<Script>引用Index.HTML页面.通过如下方式JavaScript代码调用:</span></p> <div class="csharpcode"> <pre class="alt"><span class="lnum"> 1: </span>window.plugins.CallComposer.showCallComposer(recipients, message) </pre> </div> <style type="text/css"> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } </style> <h3 style="padding-bottom:4px;background-color:#80ac92;font-family:verdana, geneva, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;height:44px;color:white;font-size:15pt;font-weight:bolder;padding-top:10px;"><strong><span style="font-family:Consolas;"><4>PhoneGap小结</span></strong></h3> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">PhoneGap针对不同平台的WebView做了扩展和封装，使WebView这个组件变成可访问设备本地API的强大浏览器，所以开发人员在PhoneGap框架下可通过JavaScript访问设备本地API.实现WebView与SDK API双向通信.但PhoneGAp所体现的混合类型的应用还不能完全取代原生应用，在一些复杂的API调用或者涉及高性能计算的应用开发上，原生应用还是唯一的选择。除此以外的大多数场合，混合类型的应用以很小的性能牺牲为代价，带来了极大的灵活性和开发效率.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">当然PhoneGap依然存在很多问题:</span></p> <blockquote> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;font-size:x-small;"><strong>存在的问题:</strong></span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;font-size:x-small;"><strong>运行速度慢：PhoneGap集成多了个平台.程序的载入和UI界面的反应都比原生的程序慢，UI反应延时——这是个致命伤 .它实际上还是在展示Web页面，所以载入、页面刷新等肯定是需要一定时间的。 这在用户体验上来说PhoneGAp依然无法替代原生应用程序.</strong></span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;font-size:x-small;"><strong>不适合部分程序：如果你的程序需要3D功能，或者对界面刷新有较高的要求，这样的程序现在来说还只是用原生的语言会比较好.PhoneGap支持API还有待在各个平台逐步完善</strong></span></p> </blockquote> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">开发者可以选择jQueryMobile和SenchaTouch等JavaScript库加速开发进度，使用AppMobi和Tiggr等集成开发环境进行开发和调试（通过拖拽进行排版、在线编码以及运行各种移动设备的模拟器），也可以选择PhoneGap Build这个专业的在线编译工具提供编码效率.</span><span style="font-family:Consolas;">当然与其类似还有Titanium.Rhodes 等跨平台移动开发框架.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">PhoneGap提供一种多平台解决方案.无疑为开发提供一种方式可参考思路.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;">参考资料:</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;"><a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959500184790231746" target="_blank">PhoneGap On Baidu Baike</a></span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;"><a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959500184943756417" target="_blank">PhoneGap Online Doc API</a></span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;"><a href="/misc/goto?guid=4958521739217138594" target="_blank">PhoneGAp Build Tool</a></span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;"><a href="/misc/goto?guid=4958199139955699999" target="_blank">PhoneGap HomePage</a></span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Consolas;"><a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959500185344154971" target="_blank">PhoneGap on GitHub</a></span></p> </div> 转自： <a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959500185423901173" target="_blank">http://www.cnblogs.com/chenkai/archive/2011/12/31/2309035.html</a>