iBatis入门教程
fmms
13年前
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>iBatis</span> </strong><strong><span>简介：</span> </strong></p> <p style="text-indent:21pt;" class="MsoNormal"><span>iBatis</span> <span>是<span lang="EN-US">apache</span> 的一个开源项目，一个<span lang="EN-US">O/R Mapping</span> 解决方案，<span lang="EN-US">iBatis</span> 最大的特点就是小巧，上手很快。如果不需要太多复杂的功能，<span lang="EN-US">iBatis</span> 是能够满足你的要求又足够灵活的最简单的解决方案，现在的<span lang="EN-US">iBatis</span> 已经改名为<span lang="EN-US">Mybatis</span> 了。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>官网为：<span lang="EN-US">http://www.mybatis.org/</span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>搭建<span lang="EN-US">iBatis</span> 开发环境：</span> </strong></p> <p style="text-indent:21pt;" class="MsoNormal"><span>1</span> <span>、导入相关的<span lang="EN-US">jar</span> 包，<span lang="EN-US">ibatis-2.3.0.677.jar</span> 、<span lang="EN-US">mysql-connector-java-5.1.6-bin.jar</span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><span> </span>2</span> <span>、编写配置文件：</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><span> </span>Jdbc</span> <span>连接的属性文件</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><span> </span></span><span>总配置文件，<a name="OLE_LINK2"></a> <a name="OLE_LINK1"><span><span lang="EN-US">SqlMapConfig.xml</span> </span></a></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><span><span><span> </span></span></span></span><span><span><span>关于每个实体的映射文件（<span lang="EN-US">Map</span> 文件）</span> </span></span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Demo</span> </strong><strong><span>：</span> </strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Student.java:</span></p> <pre class="brush:java; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;">package com.iflytek.entity; import java.sql.Date; /** * @author xudongwang 2011-12-31 * * Email:xdwangiflytek@gmail.com * */ public class Student { // 注意这里需要保证有一个无参构造方法，因为包括Hibernate在内的映射都是使用反射的，如果没有无参构造可能会出现问题 private int id; private String name; private Date birth; private float score; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Date getBirth() { return birth; } public void setBirth(Date birth) { this.birth = birth; } public float getScore() { return score; } public void setScore(float score) { this.score = score; } @Override public String toString() { return "id=" + id + "\tname=" + name + "\tmajor=" + birth + "\tscore=" + score + "\n"; } }</pre> <p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>SqlMap.properties</span> <span>：</span></p> <pre class="brush:shell; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;">driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ibatis username=root password=123</pre> <p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Student.xml</span> <span>：</span></p> <pre class="brush:xml; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE sqlMap PUBLIC "-//ibatis.apache.org//DTD SQL Map 2.0//EN" "http://ibatis.apache.org/dtd/sql-map-2.dtd"> <sqlMap> <!-- 通过typeAlias使得我们在下面使用Student实体类的时候不需要写包名 --> <typeAlias alias="Student" type="com.iflytek.entity.Student" /> <!-- 这样以后改了sql，就不需要去改java代码了 --> <!-- id表示select里的sql语句，resultClass表示返回结果的类型 --> <select id="selectAllStudent" resultClass="Student"> select * from tbl_student </select> <!-- parameterClass表示参数的内容 --> <!-- #表示这是一个外部调用的需要传进的参数，可以理解为占位符 --> <select id="selectStudentById" parameterClass="int" resultClass="Student"> select * from tbl_student where id=#id# </select> <!-- 注意这里的resultClass类型，使用Student类型取决于queryForList还是queryForObject --> <select id="selectStudentByName" parameterClass="String" resultClass="Student"> select name,birth,score from tbl_student where name like '%$name$%' </select> <insert id="addStudent" parameterClass="Student"> insert into tbl_student(name,birth,score) values (#name#,#birth#,#score#); <selectKey resultClass="int" keyProperty="id"> select @@identity as inserted <!-- 这里需要说明一下不同的数据库主键的生成，对各自的数据库有不同的方式： --> <!-- mysql:SELECT LAST_INSERT_ID() AS VALUE --> <!-- mssql:select @@IDENTITY as value --> <!-- oracle:SELECT STOCKIDSEQUENCE.NEXTVAL AS VALUE FROM DUAL --> <!-- 还有一点需要注意的是不同的数据库生产商生成主键的方式不一样，有些是预先生成 (pre-generate)主键的，如Oracle和PostgreSQL。 有些是事后生成(post-generate)主键的，如MySQL和SQL Server 所以如果是Oracle数据库，则需要将selectKey写在insert之前 --> </selectKey> </insert> <delete id="deleteStudentById" parameterClass="int"> <!-- #id#里的id可以随意取，但是上面的insert则会有影响，因为上面的name会从Student里的属性里去查找 --> <!-- 我们也可以这样理解，如果有#占位符，则ibatis会调用parameterClass里的属性去赋值 --> delete from tbl_student where id=#id# </delete> <update id="updateStudent" parameterClass="Student"> update tbl_student set name=#name#,birth=#birth#,score=#score# where id=#id# </update> </sqlMap></pre> <p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>说明：</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>如果<span lang="EN-US">xml</span> 中没有<span lang="EN-US">ibatis</span> 的提示，则<span lang="EN-US">window --> Preference--> XML-->XML Catalog---></span> 点击<span lang="EN-US">add</span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>选择<span lang="EN-US">uri</span> </span><span>URI: </span><span>请选择本地文件系统上</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>iBatisDemo1/WebContent/WEB-INF/lib/sql-map-config-2.dtd</span> <span>文件；</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Key Type: </span><span>选择<span lang="EN-US">Schema Location；</span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Key: </span><span>需要联网的，不建议使用；</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>SqlMapConfig.xml</span> <span>：</span></p> <pre class="brush:xml; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE sqlMapConfig PUBLIC "-//ibatis.apache.org//DTD SQL Map Config 2.0//EN" "http://ibatis.apache.org/dtd/sql-map-config-2.dtd"> <sqlMapConfig> <!-- 引用JDBC属性的配置文件 --> <properties resource="com/iflytek/entity/SqlMap.properties" /> <!-- 使用JDBC的事务管理 --> <transactionManager type="JDBC"> <!-- 数据源 --> <dataSource type="SIMPLE"> <property name="JDBC.Driver" value="${driver}" /> <property name="JDBC.ConnectionURL" value="${url}" /> <property name="JDBC.Username" value="${username}" /> <property name="JDBC.Password" value="${password}" /> </dataSource> </transactionManager> <!-- 这里可以写多个实体的映射文件 --> <sqlMap resource="com/iflytek/entity/Student.xml" /> </sqlMapConfig></pre> <p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>StudentDao</span> <span>：</span></p> <pre class="brush:java; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;">package com.iflytek.dao; import java.util.List; import com.iflytek.entity.Student; /** * @author xudongwang 2011-12-31 * * Email:xdwangiflytek@gmail.com * */ public interface StudentDao { /** * 添加学生信息 * * @param student * 学生实体 * @return 返回是否添加成功 */ public boolean addStudent(Student student); /** * 根据学生id删除学生信息 * * @param id * 学生id * @return 删除是否成功 */ public boolean deleteStudentById(int id); /** * 更新学生信息 * * @param student * 学生实体 * @return 更新是否成功 */ public boolean updateStudent(Student student); /** * 查询全部学生信息 * * @return 返回学生列表 */ public List<Student> selectAllStudent(); /** * 根据学生姓名模糊查询学生信息 * * @param name * 学生姓名 * @return 学生信息列表 */ public List<Student> selectStudentByName(String name); /** * 根据学生id查询学生信息 * * @param id * 学生id * @return 学生对象 */ public Student selectStudentById(int id); }</pre> <p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>StudentDaoImpl</span> <span>：</span></p> <pre class="brush:java; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;">package com.iflytek.daoimpl; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.Reader; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.util.List; import com.ibatis.common.resources.Resources; import com.ibatis.sqlmap.client.SqlMapClient; import com.ibatis.sqlmap.client.SqlMapClientBuilder; import com.iflytek.dao.StudentDao; import com.iflytek.entity.Student; /** * @author xudongwang 2011-12-31 * * Email:xdwangiflytek@gmail.com * */ public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao { private static SqlMapClient sqlMapClient = null; // 读取配置文件 static { try { Reader reader = Resources .getResourceAsReader("com/iflytek/entity/SqlMapConfig.xml"); sqlMapClient = SqlMapClientBuilder.buildSqlMapClient(reader); reader.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public boolean addStudent(Student student) { Object object = null; boolean flag = false; try { object = sqlMapClient.insert("addStudent", student); System.out.println("添加学生信息的返回值：" + object); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } if (object != null) { flag = true; } return flag; } public boolean deleteStudentById(int id) { boolean flag = false; Object object = null; try { object = sqlMapClient.delete("deleteStudentById", id); System.out.println("删除学生信息的返回值：" + object + "，这里返回的是影响的行数"); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } if (object != null) { flag = true; } return flag; } public boolean updateStudent(Student student) { boolean flag = false; Object object = false; try { object = sqlMapClient.update("updateStudent", student); System.out.println("更新学生信息的返回值：" + object + "，返回影响的行数"); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } if (object != null) { flag = true; } return flag; } public List<Student> selectAllStudent() { List<Student> students = null; try { students = sqlMapClient.queryForList("selectAllStudent"); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return students; } public List<Student> selectStudentByName(String name) { List<Student> students = null; try { students = sqlMapClient.queryForList("selectStudentByName",name); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return students; } public Student selectStudentById(int id) { Student student = null; try { student = (Student) sqlMapClient.queryForObject( "selectStudentById", id); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return student; } }</pre> <p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>TestIbatis.java</span> <span>：</span></p> <pre class="brush:java; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;">package com.iflytek.test; import java.sql.Date; import java.util.List; import com.iflytek.daoimpl.StudentDaoImpl; import com.iflytek.entity.Student; /** * @author xudongwang 2011-12-31 * * Email:xdwangiflytek@gmail.com * */ public class TestIbatis { public static void main(String[] args) { StudentDaoImpl studentDaoImpl = new StudentDaoImpl(); System.out.println("测试插入"); Student addStudent = new Student(); addStudent.setName("李四"); addStudent.setBirth(Date.valueOf("2011-09-02")); addStudent.setScore(88); System.out.println(studentDaoImpl.addStudent(addStudent)); System.out.println("测试根据id查询"); System.out.println(studentDaoImpl.selectStudentById(1)); System.out.println("测试模糊查询"); List<Student> mohuLists = studentDaoImpl.selectStudentByName("李"); for (Student student : mohuLists) { System.out.println(student); } System.out.println("测试查询所有"); List<Student> students = studentDaoImpl.selectAllStudent(); for (Student student : students) { System.out.println(student); } System.out.println("根据id删除学生信息"); System.out.println(studentDaoImpl.deleteStudentById(1)); System.out.println("测试更新学生信息"); Student updateStudent = new Student(); updateStudent.setId(1); updateStudent.setName("李四1"); updateStudent.setBirth(Date.valueOf("2011-08-07")); updateStudent.setScore(21); System.out.println(studentDaoImpl.updateStudent(updateStudent)); } }</pre> <p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>iBatis</span> </strong><strong><span>的优缺点：</span> </strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>优点：</span> </p> <p class="MsoListParagraph"><span><span>1、<span style="line-height:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:7pt;font-weight:normal;"> </span></span></span><span>减少代码量，简单；</span> </p> <p class="MsoListParagraph"><span><span>2、<span style="line-height:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:7pt;font-weight:normal;"> </span></span></span><span>性能增强；</span> </p> <p class="MsoListParagraph"><strong><span><span>3、<span style="line-height:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:7pt;font-weight:normal;"> </span></span></span></strong><strong><span>Sql</span> </strong><strong><span>语句与程序代码分离；</span> </strong></p> <p class="MsoListParagraph"><span><span>4、<span style="line-height:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:7pt;font-weight:normal;"> </span></span></span><span>增强了移植性；</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>缺点：</span> </p> <p class="MsoListParagraph"><span><span>1、<span style="line-height:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:7pt;font-weight:normal;"> </span></span></span><span>和<span lang="EN-US">Hibernate</span> 相比，<span lang="EN-US">sql</span> 需要自己写；</span> </p> <p class="MsoListParagraph"><span><span>2、<span style="line-height:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:7pt;font-weight:normal;"> </span></span></span><span>参数数量只能有一个，多个参数时不太方便；<br /> <br /> 转自：<a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959500166710054016" target="_blank">Iteye</a>。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"></p> <p class="MsoNormal"></p> <p class="MsoNormal"></p> <p class="MsoNormal"></p> <p class="MsoNormal"></p> <p class="MsoNormal"></p> <p class="MsoNormal"></p>