嵌入式jetty
本文主要讲述如何使用嵌入式jetty,创建http/https服务器.
一. 相关jar包
二.创建方式
2.1）最简单的
Server server = new Server(8080); server.start(); server.join();
创建一个jetty server,并启动,这样我们就创建了一个最简单的http服务器,检查8080端口为监听状态, 但是很明显,该服务器不会对客户端请求有任何响应.
2.2）HANDLER
1）实现
从实现上来看, jetty server本身就是一个HandlerWrapper, 可以通过为server设置handler,处理客户端的请求.
Server server = new Server(8080); server.setHandler(new HelloHandler()); server.start(); server.join();
通过扩展AbstractHandler类, 实现handle方法, 定义用户自己的handler, 例如:
public class HelloHandler extends AbstractHandler { public void handle(String target, Request baseRequest, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException, ServletException { response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8"); response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_OK); baseRequest.setHandled(true); response.getWriter().println("</pre><h1>Hello World</h1><pre>"); } }
2）测试
浏览器上输入:
http://localhost:8080
输出:
<h1>Hello World</h1>
2.3） SERVLET
直接为Server设置Handler,我们无法针对不同的URL Path,完成不同的处理逻辑, 例如,
当浏览器输入如下URL时,服务器区别处理:
http://localhost:8080/* http://localhost:8080/TYPE1/* http://localhost:8080/TYPE2/*
1）实现
Server添加ServletContextHandler,然后,针对不同的path, 设置对应的Servlet来处理.
Server server = new Server(8080); ServletContextHandler context = new ServletContextHandler(ServletContextHandler.SESSIONS); context.setContextPath("/"); server.setHandler(context); context.addServlet(new ServletHolder(new HelloServlet()), "/*"); context.addServlet(new ServletHolder(new HelloServlet("TYPE1 Request")), "/TYPE1/*"); context.addServlet(new ServletHolder(new HelloServlet("TYPE2 Request")), "/TYPE2/*"); server.start(); server.join();
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通过扩展HttpServlet,覆盖doPost或者doGet方法,定义用户自己的Servlet,例如:
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet { String greeting = "Hello"; public HelloServlet() { } public HelloServlet(String hi) { greeting = hi; } @Override protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html"); response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_OK); response.getWriter().println("</pre><h1>” + greeting + "</h1><pre>"); } @Override protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doGet(request, response); } }
2）测试
浏览器上输入:
http://localhost:8080/* http://localhost:8080/TYPE1/* http://localhost:8080/TYPE2/*
分别输出:
<h1>Hello</h1> <h1>TYPE1 Request</h1> <h1>TYPE2 Request<h1>
2.3）Connector
http/https服务器也可以同时在多个端口上提供服务, 这就需要引入Connector
1）实现
如下代码就设置了两个Connector, 一个使用8080端口,另一个使用8888端口:
Server server = new Server(); SelectChannelConnector connector0 = new SelectChannelConnector(); connector0.setPort(8080); connector0.setMaxIdleTime(30000); connector0.setRequestHeaderSize(8192); SelectChannelConnector connector1 = new SelectChannelConnector(); connector1.setPort(8888); connector1.setMaxIdleTime(30000); connector1.setRequestHeaderSize(8192); server.setConnectors(new Connector[] { connector0,connector1 }); server.setHandler(new HelloHandler()); server.start(); server.join();
2）测试
浏览器上输入:
http://localhost:8080/*
或者
http://localhost:8888/*
三.https服务器
本节着重讲述如何创建https服务器.
3.1）KEYSTORE
使用keytool命令,创建keystore. 例如:
keytool -keystore zenithKS -alias zenith -genkey -keyalg RSA Enter keystore password: Re-enter new password: What is your first and last name? [Unknown]: zenith What is the name of your organizational unit? [Unknown]: zenith What is the name of your organization? [Unknown]: zenith What is the name of your City or Locality? [Unknown]: bj What is the name of your State or Province? [Unknown]: bj What is the two-letter country code for this unit? [Unknown]: cn Is CN=zenith, OU=zenith, O=zenith, L=bj, ST=bj, C=cn correct? (type "yes" or "no") [no]: yes Enter key password for <zenith>: (RETURN if same as keystore password):
需要用户输入keystore密码以及key密码,最后,会在当前目录下生成一个zenithKS文件,这就是keystore文件
3.2）SSL CONNECTOR
为jetty Server设置ssl Connector,需要指定keystore路径, keystore密码以及key密码.
Server server = new Server(); SslSelectChannelConnector ssl_connector = new SslSelectChannelConnector(); ssl_connector.setPort(8443); SslContextFactory cf = ssl_connector.getSslContextFactory(); cf.setKeyStore("D:\\keystores\\zenithKS"); cf.setKeyStorePassword("password"); cf.setKeyManagerPassword("password"); server.addConnector(ssl_connector); server.start(); server.join();
浏览器上输入:
https://localhost:8443/*
3.3）HTTPS客户端
HttpClient提供了对SSL的支持, 以下通过扩展HttpClient类实现自动接受证书.
因为这种方法自动接收所有证书，因此存在一定的安全问题，所以在使用这种方法前请仔细考虑您的系统的安全需求。具体的步骤如下：
1) 提供一个自定义的socket factory（test.MySecureProtocolSocketFactory）。这个自定义的类必须实现接口
org.apache.commons.httpclient.protocol.SecureProtocolSocketFactory
在实现接口 的类中调用自定义的
X509TrustManager(test.MyX509TrustManager)
这两个类可以在随本文带的附件中得到
2) 创建一个org.apache.commons.httpclient.protocol.Protocol的实例，指定协议名称和默认的端口号
Protocol myhttps = new Protocol("https", new MySecureProtocolSocketFactory (), 443); 3) 注册刚才创建的https协议对象
Protocol.registerProtocol("https ", myhttps); 4) 然后按照普通编程方式打开https的目标地址
代码下载:
具体请参考:
http://www.blogjava.net/happytian/archive/2007/01/18/94553.html
四.参考资料
http://download.eclipse.org/jetty/stable-7/xref/org/eclipse/jetty/embedded/package-summary.html
http://docs.codehaus.org/display/JETTY/How+to+configure+SSL
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